IPS Exam 1 Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) define pain - Correct Answers ✅unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage --> this is a bit outdated as we know you don't HAVE to have sensory component define allodynia - Correct Answers ✅- pain due to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain define hyperalgesia - Correct Answers ✅- increased pain from a stimulus that normally provokes pain define sensitization of pain - Correct Answers ✅- increased responsiveness of nociceptive neurons to their normal input, and/or recruitment of a response to normal subthreshold input define central sensitization - Correct Answers ✅- increased responsiveness of nociceptive neurons in the central nervous system to their normal or subthreshold afferent input define peripheral sensitization - Correct Answers ✅- increased responsiveness and reduced threshold of nociceptive neurons in the periphery to the stimulation of their receptive fields 1 / 3
IPS Exam 1 Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) how did ancient Egyptians view pain - Correct Answers ✅- Seth and Sekhmet = Gods of pain
- pain = entered the left nostril/ear and attacked
- treatment = magic, prayer, ritual or drug
- imbalance of ying/yang
- too much yin = tissue damage and swelling
- too much yang = pain
- Aristotle = pain = evil spirits/gods enter by wounds,
heart/vessels
how did ancient Chinese view pain - Correct Answers ✅- first recorded mention of pain
**possible first mention of inflammation/nociception and treatment how did the ancient greeks view pain - Correct Answers ✅- Plato = heart is center of soul, pain is infliction on soul
stimulation = waves in blood to heart how did ancient / early physicians view pain - Correct Answers ✅- dysfunction of the body = pain and disease NOT gods/spirits
- Hippocrates: pain = disease = imbalance of humors (blood,
phlegm, yellow bile, black bile) 2 / 3
IPS Exam 1 Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025)
- Galen: pain = same + excessive stimulation of receptors,
first to connect pain to nerves/brain, did not believe in pain- specific receptors discuss the history of pain receptors - Correct Answers ✅- Avicenna (French) = there are pain specific receptors
- **Charles Bell (Scottish) = ventral roots = motor function
- **Magendie (French) = verified dorsal roots = sensory
- Sherrington (English) = discovered nociceptors and flexion
reflex **Magendie-Bell Law discuss the prevalence of pain in the United States - Correct Answers ✅- chronic pain impacts 43% of the population (39% in industrialized countries)
- LBP - 28%
- knee pain = 19%
- neck pain = 15%
- chronic widespread pain affects 11% of pop
- 25% under 18 has chronic pain
- / 3
Fooking expensive = $560 BILLion dollas