INP 400 Midterm Review Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) Stage 1 of Wound Healing - Correct Answers ✅hemostasis phase blood vessels in wound bed contract and form clot Stage 2 of Wound Healing - Correct Answers ✅inflammatory phase vasodilation to allow antibodies, WBC, enzymes, and nutrients in leads to exudate Stage 3 of Wound Healing - Correct Answers ✅proliferation phase rebuilding of wound with granulation tissue and epithelial cells Stage 4 of Wound Healing - Correct Answers ✅maturation phase wound has closed, remodelling of collagen occurs What kind of things can affect wound healing in our surgical patients? - Correct Answers ✅infection aging HIV, autoimmune diseases medications (steroids - prednisone; blood thinners, ABX) diabetes 1 / 4
INP 400 Midterm Review Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) obesity smoking What kind of things in our post-op specific patients slows down their wound healing? - Correct Answers ✅immobility nutrition N/V feeling cold pain (which restricts mobility) oxygen
Wound classifications - Correct Answers ✅cause: 1st, 2nd,
3rd intentional
skin integrity: open vs closed (pressure ulcers)
depth: partial thickness vs full thickness (pressure ulcers)
cleanliness: clean, clean-contaminated, contaminated,
infected
duration: acute vs. chronic
Healing by 1st intention - Correct Answers ✅aseptic cut with minimal tissue damage edges are approximated closed by sutures or staples no open or dead spaces left 2 / 4
INP 400 Midterm Review Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) Healing by 2nd intention - Correct Answers ✅infected/chronic wound cannot be smoothly approximated left open to heal from inside out scar tissue extensive prolonged healing Healing by 3rd/Tertiary intention - Correct Answers ✅potentially infected wound left open for several days if no clinical s/s of infection, wound is closed surgically
Surgical Wound Cleanliness:
What is Clean (Class 1)? - Correct Answers ✅operative wound clean non-traumatic, with no inflammation encountered no break in sterile technique resp/gi/gu tracts not entered What is clean-contaminated (class 2)? - Correct Answers ✅non-traumatic wound with minor break in sterile technique gi/resp/gu tracts entered without significant spillage 3 / 4
INP 400 Midterm Review Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) What is included in clean-contaminated (class 2)? - Correct Answers ✅transection of appendix or cholecystic duct in the absence of infected bile or urine hysterectomy emergency c-section involving pre-ruptured membranes on trial of labor What is contaminated (class 3)? - Correct Answers ✅operative wound contaminated major break in sterile technique gross spillage from GI tract entrance into GU or bilary tracts when infected urine or bile is present What is dirty-infected (class 4)? - Correct Answers ✅operative wound dirty fecal contamination forgien body operative wound with acute bacterial inflammation or perforated viscus operative wound where clean tissue is transected to gain access to an abscess or collection of pus GI wall is broken through and contents fall out
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