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HESI PN OB/HESI PN PEDIATRICS/HESI PN MATERNITY
NEWEST 2024 COMPLETE 150 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
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A client LMP began July 5. Her EDD should be which of the following?
- January 2
- March 28
- April 12
- October 12 - Correct Answer - C
Explanation To determine the EDD when the date of the client's LMP is known use Nagele rule. To the first day of the LMP, add 7 days, subtract 3 months, and add 1 year (if applicable) to arrive at the EDD as follows: 5 + 7 = 12 (July) minus 3 = 4 (April). Therefore, the client's EDD is April 12.
A client is pregnant with her third child. Medical history of the client indicates a previous precipitate labor and birth. Which of the following interventions would NOT be expected during labor of the present pregnancy?
- Use of magnesium sulfate
- Close monitoring of the fetus for hypoxia
- The nurse stays at the bedside constantly or as much as possible
- amnioinfusion will be performed - Correct Answer - D
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Explanation Amnioinfusion is instillation of fluid into the amniotic sac within the uterus to treat oligohydramnios. This is not done to prevent precipitate labor and birth.
pg. 2 Which of the following prenatal laboratory test values would the nurse consider as significant?
- Hematocrit 33.5%
B. Rubella titer less than 1:8
- White blood cells 8,000/mm3
- One hour glucose challenge test 110 g/dL - Correct Answer - B
Explanation A rubella titer should be 1:8 or greater. Thurs, a finding of a titer less than 1:8 is significant, indicating that the client may not possess immunity to rubella. A hematocrit of 33.5% a white blood cell counts of 8,000/mm3, and a 1-hour glucose challenge test of 110 g/dl are with normal parameters.
The practical nurse (PN) arrives at the playgrounds and sees a school-aged boy who has eaten something he is allergic to and is demonstrating a stridor. Which action should the PN implement first?
- ask if the child is alone
- call for an ambulance
- mov the child to a different environment
d) determine what the child has eaten - Correct Answer - Answer: B
Rationale:
Food allergy hypersensitivity can cause an anaphylactic reaction that can occur shortly after ingestion (5-30 minutes) or exposure to an allergen, and manifest with hives, rash, flushing, asthmatic episode, or airway compromise, such as stridor. The first action is to call for an ambulance (B) immediately, since the condition may progress and become life-threatening. (A, C, and D) do not have the same priority of (B).
A child who is admitted with acute abdominal pain and possible appendicitis. Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement for the child's abdominal discomfort?
- assist the child to any position of comfort.
- give a saline enema to cleanse the bowel
- lay a heating pad on the abdomen
- place the bed in Trendelenburg - Correct Answer - Answer: A 2 / 4
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Rationale:
Abdominal pain is a common childhood complaint, but this child should be assisted to any position of comfort (A) that relieves the pain. (B and D) are contraindicated with possible appendicitis and increase the risk of ruptured appendix. If the appendix should rupture, (C) increases the spread of the infection.
A child is admitted for observation following a closed head injury. Which assessment is most essential for the practical news (PN) to monitor for an early sign of a worsening condition?
- level of consciousness
- posturing
- focal neurologic signs
d) vital signs - Correct Answer - Answer: A
Rationale:
Following a head injury, determining a change in the child's LOC (A) provides the first indication that a progression of the injury is possible. (C) is a symptom of advanced neurologic insult. Alterations in consciousness appear earlier than alterations of (B and D).
A 3-year-old boy with cerebral palsy (CP) has difficulty swallowing, cannot hold a utensil, and is slightly underweight for his height. Which action should the practical nurse implement when feeding this child?
- put the child in a well-supported semi-reclining position
- offer a specialized formula per tube feeding
- place the child in a sitting position with the neck hyperextended
- stabilize the child's jaw with the caregiver's hand - Correct Answer - Answer: D
Rationale:
A child with CP should be fed in an upright, eating position, and manual stability of the oral mechanisms during swallowing should be provided to minimize the risk of aspiration. Hold the child's jaw (D) from the side or front of the face assists with head control, correction of the neck and trunk hyperextension, and jaw stabilization. (A, B, and C) are not indicated.
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pg. 4 Which of Freud's psychosexual development stages occurs during a toddler's growth and development?
- anal
- oral
- genital
d) phallic - Correct Answer - Answer: A
Rationale:
According to Freud's theory, the anal stage (A_, 1-3 years of age, focuses on toilet training and learning to delay immediate gratification. Oral gratification(B) occurs from birth to one year of age. (C) The stage of genital awareness & exploration. (D) The stage of sexual identity and expression in adolescence.
Using Freud's theory, the practical nurse should expect a 2-year-old boy to demonstrate the behaviors of which stage?
- phallic
- anal
- latency
d) oral - Correct Answer - Answer: B
Rationale:
The anal phase (B) defines the behaviors of a toddler, ages 1-3 years, who begins to develop sphincter control and the ability to control the release of feces. Success in this stage results in a sense of autonomy. The oral phase (D), ages birth to 1 year, is the stage of learning to relate to others without excessive jealously, dependency, and the development of trust and sense of self-reliance. Phallic phase (A), ages 3-7 years, is an age r/t formation of an identity focuses on sexuality or the genitalia. Success in this stage results in mastery over internal processes and impulses. Latency, ages 7 years to puberty, is a stage of development where one's attention is turned toward learning and successful achieving the ability to delay gratification.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring a 6-year-old who is hospitalized with asthma. Which developmentally correct activity should the PN provide the child?
- an audio cassette and player
- crayons and a coloring book
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