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HESI Case Study: Parkinson Disease
Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the primary cause of Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra
Which neurotransmitter is most affected in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Dopamine
What is the hallmark motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Tremor at rest
Which type of tremor is characteristic of Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Pill-rolling tremor
Which gait disturbance is commonly seen in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Shuffling steps with reduced arm swing
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What is bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Slowness of voluntary movement
Which postural change is typical in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Stooped posture
Which rigidity is often observed in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Cogwheel rigidity
Which non-motor symptom may occur early in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Loss of sense of smell (anosmia)
What is the primary goal of levodopa therapy in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Increase dopamine levels to improve motor function
Which side effect is common with long-term levodopa therapy?✔✔Dyskinesia
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Which nursing intervention helps manage tremors in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Encourage purposeful movement and stress reduction
Which symptom often appears first in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Unilateral tremor
Which type of speech change is common in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Soft, monotone voice
Which symptom reflects autonomic nervous system involvement in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔Orthostatic hypotension
Which dietary recommendation helps prevent constipation in Parkinson’s disease?✔✔High-fiber diet with adequate fluids
Which exercise type is beneficial for Parkinson’s patients to maintain mobility?✔✔Stretching and balance exercises
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