2024 HESI Anatomy and Physiology Prep Guaranteed A+ Actual Questions and Answers, Complete 100%
1. The body planes:
Answer:
imaginary lines used for reference
- median plan
- coronal plane/ frontal plane
- transverse plane
2. median plane:
Answer:
divides the body into left and right halves
- cut along median plane is a *sagittal* section
3. coronal/frontal plane:
Answer:
divides the body into front and back portions.
- cut along coronal plane is a frontal section
4. transverse plane:
Answer:
horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions
- cut through transverse plane is a cross-section
5. anatomic position:
Answer:
describes the body standing in the standard position
6. terms of direction:
Answer:
*superior* - above *inferior* - below 1 / 3
*anterior* - facing forward *posterior* toward the back *medial* - towards the midline *lateral* - away from the midline or towards the sides *proximal* - closer to the point of attachment *distal* - farther from point of attachment
7. dorsal cavity:
Answer:
includes the cranial and spinal cavities.
8. ventral cavity:
Answer:
includes the orbits and the nasal, oral, thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
9. histology:
Answer:
study of tissues
10. tissue:
Answer:
A group of similar cells that perform the same function.
- 4 types
11. epithelial tissue:
Answer:
a body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out
12. connective tissue:
Answer:
framework of body; tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts 2 / 3
13. nerve tissue:
Answer:
contains cells with the specialized ability to react to stimuli and to conduct electrical impulses
- composed of *neurons* and connective tissue referred to as *neuroglia*
14. neuron:
Answer:
a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
15. neuroglia:
Answer:
connective tissue holding nervous tissue together
16. muscle tissue:
Answer:
a body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts move.
- *voluntary muscle* - skeletal muscles
- *involuntary muscle* smooth muscle & cardiac tissue
17. cell:
Answer:
Basic unit of life
- building block of tissues + organs
- organelles each have a specific function:
- nucleus: contains DNA
- ribosomes: synthesis of proteins
- proteins include the enzymes that regulate all chemical reactions within the body.
18. mitosis:
Answer:
needed for growth and repair
- process where DNA is duplicated and distributed evenly to two daughter cells
- / 3