Finall Exam:l NSGl 316/l NSG316l (Latestl
2025/l 2026l Update)l Healthl Assessmentl Guide|l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l GCU
Q:l rectall examination
Answer:
providerl doesl rectall examl onl alll adultsl especiallyl thosel whol arel older
POSITIONING
-men:l standingl wl toesl pointedl orl leftl laterall cubitusl
-women:l lithotomyl positionl ofl alsol inspectingl genitalia
>leftl laterall cubitusl ifl onlyl rectal
INSPECT
-anus:l moist,l hairless,l andl skinl isl foldedl coarsel andl pigmented
-inspectl sacrococcygeall area:l describel clockwise
Q:l inspectl stool
Answer:
-normal:l brown,l soft
-testl anyl stooll onl glovel forl occultl blood >shouldl bel - >falsel +l canl occurl ifl ingestedl redl meatl inl thel lastl 3l days
Q:l musculoskeletal
Answer:
SYNOVIALl JOINT -freelyl moveable,l bonesl arel separatedl froml onel anotherl andl enclosedl inl cavity NONl SYNOVIALl JOINT -nol jointl space,l structurall integrityl andl limitedl movementl SPINALl LANDMARKS
-C7l andl T1:l prominentl atl basel ofl neck
-betweenl T7l andl T8:l inferiorl anglel ofl scapula
-L4:l iliacl crest 1 / 4
ADULT -longitudinall bonel growthl untill 20 -musclel increasel andl atrophyl withl usel andl disusel -shorterl height,l kyphosisl (headl tiltedl back,l increasel thoracicl curve) -bonyl prominencesl arel morel marked -decreasel ofl fatl inl arms,l morel inl abdomenl andl hips -afterl 40,l bonel resorptionl increase,l bonel depositionl decrease -ROMl shouldl bel comparablel tol al youngerl adultl givenl nol arthritisl andl musculoskeletall illness
Q:l musculoskeletall exam
Answer:
ASSESS
-askl olderl adultsl questionsl tol assess:l lossl ofl function,l selfl carel deficit,l falll risk PHYSICALl EXAM
-orderl approach:l headl tol toe,l proximall tol distal,l midlinel outward
1.l inspect 2.l palpate 3.l ROM 4.l musclel testing FORl ROM -withl limitations,l elicitl passivel rangel ofl motion -therel shouldl bel nol painl orl crepitationl (palpablel andl audiblel crunchingl orl grating) MUSCLEl TESTING -againstl resistance SCALE-resistancel andl gravity
-5:l fulll ROMl andl resistance
-4:l fulll ROMl andl somel resistance
-3:l fulll ROMl andl gravity
-2:l fulll ROMl nol gravityl (passive)
-1:l slightl contraction
-0:l nol contraction
SPINE
-laterall angle:
>kyphosis:l oldl age,l pronouncedl thoracicl curve
>lordosis:l obese,l pronouncedl lumbarl curvel
-spinousl processl normall andl straightl
SHOULDER
-nol redness,l swelling,l atrophy,l deformity
-shoulderl pain:l pointl tol wherel onl oppl side
>referredl orl locall pain:l hernial orl cardiac/pleurall condition 2 / 4
ELBOWl -palpatel withl elbowl flexedl atl 70l degreesl HIPl -limitedl abductionl whenl supinel isl mostl common LEGl DISCREPANCY -measurel froml mediall malleolusl tol anteriorl iliacl spine,l withinl 1l cm
Q:l functionall assessment
Answer:
dol thisl inl thosel withl skeletomuscularl disabilities,l arthritis,l andl aging
-getl upl andl gol test:l stabilityl andl mobility,l assessesl falll risk
Q:l Jointl abnormalities
Answer:
INFLAMMATORY
1.l rheumatoidl arthritis:
-mcl inl women -chronicl inflaml andl painl ofl jointsl leadingl tol decreasel bonel andl cartilage,l decreasedl movement,l andl fibrosis -redness,l pain,l swelling,l heat -worsel inl thel morningl andl improvesl withl activity -symmetricall jointsl
2.l anklyosingl spondylitis:l
-inflaml ofl vertebrae->mayl leadl tol bonyl fusion -painl inl vertebrae,l thoracicl cage,l andl pelvis -morningl stiffnessl thatl lastsl forl >l 30l min,l decreasesl wl activity -affectsl spinel andl largel joints DEGENERATIVEl CONDITION
1.l osteoarthritis:l nonl inflam,l nonl tender,l hardl nodules,l unilateral
-worsel atl night,l lossl ofl articulatingl cartilage 2.l osteoporosis:l decreasel inl bonel density,l andl mcl inl postmenopausall women
Q:l elbowl abnormalities
Answer:
OLECRANANl BURSITIS -soft,l knob 3 / 4
-inflamedl bursa:l bursal arel enclosedl fluidl filledl cavity
EPICONDYLITIS
-chronicl disablingl painl ofl laterall epicondylitisl -tennisl elbow
Q:l wristl andl handl abnormalities
Answer:
ANKYLOSIS
-stiffnessl andl fixatedl joint CARPALl TUNNELl SYNDROME -painl ofl thumb,l indexl finger,l andl middlel finger -causedl byl chronicl repetitivel movements -compressionl ofl medianl nervel RHEUMATOIDl ARTHRITISl CAUSES
-swanl neck:l flexionl contracturel ofl fingers
-boutonnièrel deformity:l knucklel isl enlargedl
-ulnarl deviation -osteoarthritis -degenerative
Q:l fibromyalgia
Answer:
chronicl widespreadl musculoskeletall painl lastingl lessl thanl 3l months -originatesl centrallyl sol NSAIDl dontl work -women
Q:l mentall status
Answer:
emotionall andl cognitivel functioning MENTALl DISORDER
-distress:l painfull symptom
-disability:l impairedl functioning
-riskl of:l pain,l death,l lossl ofl freedom,l andl disability
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