Examl 3:l NSGl 320/l NSG320l (Latestl 2025/l
2026l Update)l Adultl Healthl Nursingl Il Completel Guide|l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l GCU
Q:l pepticl ulcerl disease
Answer:
erosionl ofl thel liningl ofl thel GIl tractl (esophagus,l stomach,l duodenum)l causedl byl HCll acidl andl pepsin *duodenall isl mc
1.l acute:l shortl (resolvesl whenl causel isl fixed),l superficiall erosion
2.l chronic:l long.l erosionl ofl muscularl wall->fibrosis,l mc
*basedl onl degree,l duration,l locationl (duodenal/gastric) CAUSE -h.l pyloril (mc) -nsaidsl (mcl causel whenl itl isl notl h.l pylori) -excessl alc,l smoking,l coffee,l psychologicall distressl
SYMPTOMS
1.l pain:
-gastricl ulcer:l 1-2l hoursl afterl meals,l "gaseous,l burning",l epigastricl area -duodenall ulcer:l 2-5l hoursl afterl meals,l "crampl like,l burning",l midepigastricl orl backl pain 2.l n/v 3.l bloating 4.l feelingl ofl fullnessl
DIAGNOSIS
-endoscopyl wl biopsy:l mcl wayl tol diagnosel ->l testl forl H.l pylori
-rapidl ureasesl testing:l tol determinel H.l pylori
-historyl andl physical -CBCl (anemial froml ulcerl bleed),l liverl enzymes,l stooll testingl (blood),l seruml amylase
MANAGEMENT
1.l conservativel therapy:
wel wantl tol decreasel gastricl acidityl andl increasel mucosall defensel -stopl smokingl andl drinkingl alcohol -rest -stressl management 2.l drugl therapy 1 / 4
-antibioticl (forl H.l pylori)l andl PPIl givenl togetherl forl 14l days
-cytoprotectivel drugs:l sucralfate
-adjuvantl drugs:l H2l blocker,l antacids
*takel 1-3l hrsl afterl mealsl andl atl bedtimel 3.l nutritionl therapy -avoidl drugsl thatl causel gastricl irritation:l hot/spicyl foods,l carbonatedl drinks,l alc,l caffeine,l pepper,l broth
COMPLICATIONS
1.l GIl bleed 2.l perforation
3.l gastricl outletl obstruction:l painl
**alll arel emergencies,l perforationl isl thel worstl bcl itl canl causel bacteriall peritonitis
Q:l pepticl ulcerl diseasel NP
Answer:
ASSESSMENT
-chronicl kidneyl disease,l cirrhosis -nsaids,l aspirin,l corticosteroid -n/v,l weightl loss,l blackl tarryl stool
-pain:l duodenall relievedl wl food,l gastricl worsel wl food
-positivel forl H.l pylori HEALTHl PROMOTION -ppll takingl ulcerogenicl drugs->wl food -reportl midepi/epigastricl painl tol HCP ACUTEl CARE theyl mayl needl tol gol NPOl orl NGl tube
-orall care:l dryl mouth
-nasall care:l cleanl andl lubricate
-IVl fluids -intakel andl output -vitall signs
-monitorl gastricl contents:l pHl andl blood
-bedl rest GIl BLEED al changel inl VSl andl increasel inl amount/rednessl ofl aspiratel indicatel this -painl isl relievedl bcl ofl blood -maintainl al patentl NGl tubel (clots) *mayl needl bloodl transfusion **ifl hemorrhagingl givel IVl PPI
PERFORATION
**willl havel al boardl likel abdomenl andl shoulderl pain 2 / 4
-notifyl HCPl immediately -VSl everyl 15-30l mins -givel painl meds -stopl NGl medsl andl feeding -startl theml onl anl antibiotic -IVl fluids -NGl tubel tol decompressl -givel lactatedl ringersl andl albumin -surgeryl tol closel thisl GASTRICl OUTLETl OBSTRUCTION -constantl NGl aspirationl ofl stomachl contentl helpsl letl contentsl pass -havel theml rolel overl sidel tol sidel tol keepl tipl ofl tubel offl thel mucosa -regularlyl irrigatel thel tube -intakel andl output -vagotomyl orl pyloroplasty AMBULATORYl CARE -thisl isl al chronicl andl reoccurringl condition,l willl needl regularl longl terml followl upl carel educate -stopl smokingl orl alcohol -managel stress
-diet:l foodsl lessl acidicl
-report:l n/v,l epigastricl pain,l bloodyl emesis,l tarryl stools
-avoidl OTCl unlessl approvedl byl HCP *painl shouldl gol awayl inl 3-6l days
Q:l complicationsl andl nursingl interventionsl PUD
Answer:
ACUTEl EXACERBATIONl Wl NOl COMPLICATIONS -NPO -NGl tube -rest -IVl fluids ACUTEl EXACERBATIONl Wl COMPLICATIONS meansl eitherl bleeding,l obstruction,l perforation -IVl fluids -IVl PPI -gastricl lavage -NPO -NGl suction -bloodl transfusion -bedl rest 3 / 4
Q:l gastricl vsl duodenall ulcer
Answer:
LESION
-gastric:l superficial
-duodenal:l penetrating
LOCATION
-gastric:l antrum,l fundus
-duodenal:l firstl 1-2l cml ofl duodenum
GASTRICl SECRETION
-gastric:l normall orl decreased
-duodenal:l increase
PAIN
-gastric:l epigastric,l gaseous/burning,l 1-2l hoursl afterl food
-duodenal:l midepigastricl radiatesl tol back,l 2-5l hoursl afterl food,l crampl like/burningl (relievedl wl foodl andl antiacids)l
INCIDENCE
-gastric:l women,l 50-65,l increasel riskl ofl cancer,l r/tl incompetentl pyloricl sphincter
-duodenal:l men,l 35-45
Q:l stomachl cancer
Answer:
adenocarcinomal ofl thel stomachl wall CAUSE thel causel isl unknownl butl itl beginsl withl al mucosall injuryl causedl byl H.l pylori,l inflammation,l orl irritantsl likel NSAIDSl orl tobaccol
SYMPTOMS
-unexplainedl weightl loss -pain -abdominall discomfort -indigestion
-anemia:l bleedingl occursl bcl cancerl erodesl mucosal
DIAGNOSE
-upperl GIl endoscopyl andl biopsy -historyl andl physical -PET,l MRI,l CT -endoscopicl ultrasound MANAGEMENT
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