Exam Review: NR668 / NR 668
(Latest 2024 / 2025) Psychiatric- Mental Health Capstone Practicum & Intensive | Questions and Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
Question:
Potency
Answer:
amount of a drug needed to produce a given effect
Question:
Agonist
Answer:
Compounds which give maximal response after receptor occupation and activation.
Example: Oxycodone
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Question:
Partial Agonists
Answer:
Compounds which activate the receptor but not at the maximal response.
Example Buprenorphine (Suboxone) or Buspirone
Question:
Antagonist
Answer:
Blocks the action of an agonist. Example: Neuroleptics, Naloxone
Question:
Volume of distribution (Vd)
Answer:
amount of drug divided by concentration
A large Volume of distribution may indicate that the drug distributes extensively into the body.
Vd is a theoretical fluid volume necessary to contain the total amount of a drug at the same concentration observed in the plasma.
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Sample Question: In renal failure would the Vd be increased or decreased?
Answer: Increased because of fluid retention
Question:
Distribution
Answer:
Plasma protein binding. Cannot leave the circulation easily. Free (unbound) crosses membranes. Two drugs that are both highly protein bound will compete with each other. The unbound fraction goes through metabolism and is responsible for the pharmacologic effects. Drugs that are highly protein bound and have a narrow therapeutic index can be dangerous because margin of error between therapeutic and toxic is narrow.
Rapid weight loss may result in drugs being released from fat cells
Question:
Metabolism
Answer:
Mostly in the liver. Biotransformation or change it to inactive form or make it more water soluble to facilitate excretion. This transformed substance is called the metabolite. The rate of metabolism is affected by age, liver and drug tolerance (Body may produce more enzymes and the liver becomes faster at breaking that particular drug down)
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Question:
½ Life
Answer:
time it takes the peak level to fall by ½
Question:
Steady state of a drug
Answer:
When the rate of drug administration and elimination are equal. This can be achieved in 4 - 5 half lives
Question:
Phase I reactions
Answer:
Transforms drug, CYP450 Oxidases. Make it available for the body to use
Question:
Phase II reaction
Answer:
Conjugation reactions or attach drug with something. End products tend to be less active than their substrates
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