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Exam 4: NUR265/ NUR 265 Advanced Concepts of
Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Review| Complete Guide with QUESTIONs and Verified Answers| 100% Correct- Galen
QUESTION: What is AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome)?
Answer: AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) Low
CD4 T cell count <200, Opportunistic infections
QUESTION: What are key features of HIV/AIDS related to the
central nervous system (CNS)?
Answer: HIV/AIDS Key Features CNS Signs Confusion
Dementia Fever Visual changes Memory loss Personalitychanges Pain Seizures CNS Inflammation causes damage to the brain and CNS
QUESTION: What opportunistic infections are related to a
compromised immune system in HIV/AIDS?
Answer: opportunistic infections r/t HIV/AIDS compromised
immune system Toxoplasmosis Encephalitis - cat liter glove and mask. Neuro assessment Fungal Infections Candidiasis=Pain can occur while swallowing Bad breath, dryness, white tongue abnormality of taste, difficulty swallowing, or redness Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia Cryptococcal meningitis Bacterial Infections TB Meningitis Viral Infections Cytomegalovirus infection Herpes simplex infection Varicella -
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zoster virus Meningitis Malignancies Kaposi sarcoma Non- Hodgkin's lymphoma Hodgkin's lymphoma Invasive cervical carcinoma
QUESTION: What are oncologic emergencies?
Answer: Oncologic Emergencies Hypercalcemia, Tumor Lysis
Syndrome, Superior Vena Cava Syndrome, DIC, Sepsis, SIADH, Spinal Cord Compression
QUESTION: What is the treatment for spinal cord compression?
Answer: spinal cord compression treatment Pharmacologically:
- High-dose corticosteroids to reduce edema and pain -
Chemotherapy as adjunct to radiation and surgery - Analgesics (palliative). High-dose dexamethasone IV (steroids) should be started immediately once the diagnosis is suspected. After the specific etiology is delineated more clearly by MRI, specific therapy may be initiated.
QUESTION: What are signs and symptoms of kidney rejection?
Answer: kidney rejection s/s Increased creatinine Increased
weight/swelling Fever/Pain over organ Decreased UO
QUESTION: What is lupus erythematosus?
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Answer: lupus erythematosus an autoimmune disease, with
chronic superficial inflammation of the skin; the lesions typically form a butterfly pattern over the bridge of the nose and cheeks. systemic manifestations including skin rash, erosion of joints or even kidney failure. It attacks and damages healthy tissues.
QUESTION: What should be included in patient teaching for
lupus?
Answer: Lupus Patient Teaching Cleanse skin with mild soap
Dry skin thoroughly by patting rather than rubbing Apply lotion to dry skin Avoid powders and drying agents Use cosmetics with moisturizers Avoid sun and other UV light, including tanning beds Wear large-brimmed hat, long sleeves Lupus Patient Teaching long pants when in the sun Use a sun block SPF at least 30 Inspect skin daily for open areas and rashes Rest Periods to prevent excessive fatigue Anti-inflammatory medications first thing in am - to relieve pain, reduce inflammation
QUESTION: What is scleroderma?
Answer: Scleroderma chronic progressive disease of the skin
and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue
QUESTION: What are symptoms of scleroderma?
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Answer: Scleroderma symptoms Hardening and tightening of
patches of skin Shiny skin Restricted movement of the affected part due to hardness in skinu Hair loss White lumps under the skin due to calcium deposition Exaggerated responses to cold
temperatures and emotional stress Fingers and/toes: Numbness
Pain Changes in color Digestive system Acid reflux Restricted movement of food through the digestive tract Malnutrition Other organs affected include heart, lungs, and kidneys.
QUESTION: What is the treatment for scleroderma?
Answer: Scleroderma treatment no cure for scleroderma.
Treatments aim at managing various symptoms associated with the condition. In some cases, the skin problems associated with scleroderma may resolve on their own in few years.
QUESTION: What is Lyme disease?
Answer: Lyme disease Tick-borne disease caused by the
spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Most common vector borne disease
QUESTION: What are symptoms of Lyme disease?
Answer: Lyme disease symptoms Flu like sx's, erythema
migrans (round/oval, flat or slightly raise rash) "Bulls eye" rash.Fever, chills, fatigue, body aches, headache, neck stiffness and swollen lymph nodes can accompany the rash. Neurological