- | P a g e
EXAM 4: NUR242/ NUR 242 MEDICAL -SURGICAL
NURSING EXAM | QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS| 100% CORRECT| GRADE A- GALEN
### Parkinson’s Disease (PD) Questions and Answers
**Question 1:** Which of these statements best describes the
brain abnormality characteristic of Parkinson disease (PD)?
Please choose from one of the following options: A Neurons in
the substantia nigra begin to degenerate B Amyloid plaques are deposited in the brain C Central nervous system neurons become demyelinated D There is a progressive breakdown of the blood-brain barrier
**Answer:** A (As neurons in the substantia nigra begin to
degenerate, they produce less dopamine, creating a deficiency of this neurotransmitter.) The healthcare provider is teaching a student about Parkinson disease (PD). Which of these statements best describes the brain abnormality characteristic of the disease? Please choose from one of the following options. A Neurons in the substantia nigra begin to degenerate B Amyloid plaques are deposited in the brain C Central nervous system neurons become demyelinated D There is a progressive breakdown of the blood-brain barrier A
**Question 2:** During an interview with a patient with a
diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD), which of the following speech patterns will the healthcare provider anticipate? A
- | P a g e
Bubbly and spirited B Clear and rhythmic C Pressured and hurried D Slow, slurred, and monotone
**Answer:** D (The neuromuscular effects of PD often affect
vocal articulation, so the healthcare provider would expect slowed, often monotone speaking patterns and difficulty articulating clearly.) During an interview with a patient with a diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD), which of the following speech patterns will the healthcare provider anticipate? A Bubbly and spirited B Clear and rhythmic C Pressured and hurried D Slow, slurred, and monotone D
**Question 3:** The healthcare provider is assessing a patient
with a diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD). Which of the following assessments will the healthcare provider anticipate? A Twisting and protruding movements of the tongue B Pill-rolling tremor when the hand is at rest C Deep tendon reflexes graded as 111 D An absence of stereognosis
**Answer:** B (A "pill-rolling" tremor typical of PD is
described as is a rest tremor, which means it is most noticeable when the body part is not engaged in purposeful activities.Tremors in other conditions, such as multiple sclerosis, are typically action tremors, where the tremor happens when the affected limb is being used.) The healthcare provider is assessing a patient with a diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD).Which of the following assessments will the healthcare provider anticipate? A Twisting and protruding movements of the tongue
- | P a g e
B Pill-rolling tremor when the hand is at rest C Deep tendon reflexes graded as 111 D An absence of stereognosis B
**Question 4:** The healthcare provider is assessing a patient
with a diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD). Which of the following findings would the healthcare provider anticipate?Select all that apply. A Kyphosis B Depression C Daytime sleepiness D Bradykinesia E Exophthalamos F Receptive aphasia
**Answer:** A, B, C, D (Increased muscle rigidity and stiffness
promotes the posture typical of PD, including a forward position of the head, rounded shoulders, thoracic kyphosis, and bent knees.) The healthcare provider is assessing a patient with a diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD). Which of the following findings would the healthcare provider anticipate? Select all that apply. A Kyphosis B Depression C Daytime sleepiness D Bradykinesia E Exophthalamos F Receptive aphasia A, B, C, D
**Question 5:** A lack of which substance, resulting in an
imbalance between it and acetylcholine, is the basic origin of Parkinson's disease? A) Serotonin B) Dopamine C) Epinephrine
- Norepinephrine
**Answer:** B A lack of which substance, resulting in an
imbalance between it and acetylcholine, is the basic origin of Parkinson's disease? A) Serotonin B) Dopamine C) Epinephrine
- Norepinephrine B
- | P a g e
**Question 6:** What causes Parkinson's disease? A) A severe
blood infection B) Loss of the brain chemical dopamine C) Stroke D) Depression
**Answer:** B What causes Parkinson's disease? A) A severe
blood infection B) Loss of the brain chemical dopamine C) Stroke D) Depression B
**Question 7:** What are Lewy bodies? A Protein deposits
found in the brain B Pockets of air found in the brain C Microscopic crystalline matter found in the brain D A build-up of salt found in the brain
**Answer:** A (Lewy bodies are abnormal protein deposits
found in the brain. Researchers do not know exactly why Lewy bodies form or what role they may play in Parkinson's disease, but they seem to be linked to certain types of dementia associated with both PD and Alzheimer's disease. Lewy body dementia is a degenerative disease and symptoms range from parkinsonian symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and shuffling walk, to symptoms similar to those of Alzheimer's disease (memory loss, poor judgment, and confusion).Symptoms may fluctuate, even from day to day. In later stages
patients may develop hallucinations.) Q: What are Lewy bodies?
A Protein deposits found in the brain B Pockets of air found in the brain C Microscopic crystalline matter found in the brain D A build-up of salt found in the brain A