Exam 1: NSG318 / NSG 318 (Latest
Update 2024 / 2025) Introduction to Pharmacology Exam | Questions and Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A - GCU
Question:
Pharmacogenetics
Answer:
the study of the variability in drug due to heredity
Question:
pharmacogenomics
Answer:
the study of the combination of pharmacology and genomics to develop effective and safe medications to compensate for genetic differences in patients that cause varied responses to a single therapeutic regimen
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Question:
Extensive metabolizers
Answer:
have an ordinary response to drug s
Question:
genome
Answer:
the totality of genetic information found in an organisms DNA and or RNA
Question:
genomics
Answer:
the study of the combination of the environment, personal factors as well as genetic variation
Question:
genotype
Answer:
an individual collection of genes
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Question:
intermediate metabolizers
Answer:
decrease efficiency in drug metabolism, and there for increase concentration of the parent drug with decreased formation of metabolites and a possible decrease in responsiveness
Question:
personalized medicine
Answer:
the tailoring of medical treatment to the individual characteristics of each patient, which include genetic predisposition to disease, environmental and personal factors, and pharmacogenetics tailored to improve patient outcomes
Question:
phenotype
Answer:
clinical presentation or observable characteristics of an inimical with a particular genotype
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Question:
poor metabolizers
Answer:
significant decrease in drug metabolism, and as result tend to have higher levels of parent drug but with little to no therapeutic benefit and increase risk for adverse drug responses
Question:
ultrarapid metabolizers
Answer:
increased efficacy in drug metabolism resulting in possible decrease in effectiveness at established doses. increased risk for adverse drug responses because of increased metabolite or active drug productions
Question:
BUN
Answer:
blood urea nitrogen normal ranges 7-20 mg/dL -urea is the breakdown of ammonia, as an end product of protein metabolism -nitrogen goes to the kidneys and will be excreted by urine -if the kidneys are not functioning right with the BUN levels will be high -dehydration is low fluid in the blood resulting in low levels of BUN
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