Advanced Med-Surg Principles Jersey College Exam 1 Latest Update 2025-2026 Exam 375 Questions with 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
A decrease incerebral perfusion pressure could trigger.... - CORRECT ANSWER:
vasodilation and result in an increase in ICP and lower prefusion pressures
A dural tear puts a pt at risk for.... - CORRECT ANSWER: meningitis
A hematoma following intracranial surgery should be suspected if? - CORRECT ANSWER: the pt doesn't waken or the condition worsens (dilated pupil or Cushing's triad)
Acetazolamide (Diamox) has diuretic effects and contains sulfa, what would you monitor
for and/or avoid? - CORRECT ANSWER: - monitor electrolytes
- avoid it with a sulfa allergy
After ear surgery to reduce complicationsthe patient should? - CORRECT ANSWER: - not blow nose
- not get water in the operative ear for 2-3 wks
- keeping the mouth open when sneezing/coughing
- not lift > 10lbs, bend or strain when lifting
- promptly report excessive purulent ear drainage
After ear surgery what is normal? - CORRECT ANSWER: temporary hearing loss in the middle ear
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After ear surgery what should the pt report? - CORRECT ANSWER: crackling and
popping sounds in the ear
An excessive increase in ADH (vassopression) will result in.... - CORRECT ANSWER: a decrease in serum sodium levels (hyponatremia)
At what level should cerebral perfusion pressure be maintained above? - CORRECT
ANSWER: 50 mm Hg (ideally it should be maintained between 70 - 80 mm Hg)
Brain tumors can contribute to what? - CORRECT ANSWER: - cerebral edema
- increase in ICP
- hydrocephalus
- seizures
- changes in pituitary function
Cerebral cells are unable to store significant amounts of glucose or oxygen so.... -
CORRECT ANSWER: a constant supply of oxygen and glucose is needed
Clinical signs of respiratory failure with or without acidosis indicates a need for what? -
CORRECT ANSWER: mechanical ventilation
Conditions that increase ICP can also impair what? - CORRECT ANSWER: respirations
Damage to the upper motor neurons can result in..... - CORRECT ANSWER: spasticity (stiff muscles)
Disorders such as ALS and MG affect the bulbar muscle function result in..... -
CORRECT ANSWER: - dysphagia
- difficulty speaking 2 / 4
- increased risk for aspiration
During mechanical ventilation with altered LOC or tube feedings (unless contraidicated)
you would elevate the HOB.... - CORRECT ANSWER: 30-45 degrees to prevent
aspiration
During spinal shock reflex acitivity stops (bladder and bowel function stop).... -
CORRECT ANSWER: below the level of the injury and the muscles innervated by the
nerve become flaccid and paralyzed
Facial nerve injury is a rare complication of what type of surgery? - CORRECT
ANSWER: mastoid surgery ; and you should assess cranial nerve VII
Following a carotid endarectomy (CEA), what would suggest hyper-perfusion in the pt? -
CORRECT ANSWER: unilateral headache that improves upon sitting or standing
Following a CEA (carotid endarterectomy) you should monitor what? - CORRECT
ANSWER: monitor BP closely, since hypotension could cause cerebral ischemia and
HTN could result in cerebral hemorrhage
Following a CEA edema and hematoma could result in what? - CORRECT ANSWER:
airway obstruction
Following a tranphenodial surgery you should check what? - CORRECT ANSWER:
nasal packing for blood or CSF
Following an infratentorial incision you should..... - CORRECT ANSWER: - keep the HOB flat
- provide one firm pillow
- position onto the side
- maintain the neck in a neutral position 3 / 4
For supratentoiral incisions you should.... - CORRECT ANSWER: elevate the HOB to 30 degrees and use one pillow
High cervical injuries (above C4) that injure the phrenic nerve are the leading cause of
what? - CORRECT ANSWER: death from acute respiratory failure
How and why do most hemorrhagic strokes occur? - CORRECT ANSWER: most result
from spontaneous rupture of a small vessel and are due to uncontrolled HTN
How can you determine the area of the brain where a seizure originates from? -
CORRECT ANSWER: by assessing the initial seizure activity
How do assess cranial nerve IX? - CORRECT ANSWER: instruct the pt to swallow
How do NSAID's preimarily produce pain relief? - CORRECT ANSWER: by preventing
prostaglandin formation
How do referrals to occupational therapists help a stroke pt? - CORRECT ANSWER:
identify devices to maintain self-care independence
How do referrals to physical therapists help a stroke pt? - CORRECT ANSWER: help to promote safe transfers and ambulation while reducing pain
How do we administer around the clock pain relief for post-op and chronic pain? -
CORRECT ANSWER: provide analgesics, never wait for chronic pain to reoccur
How do you administer meds? - CORRECT ANSWER: starting with the lowest dose and
titrating up slowly
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