ETS Major Field Test – Chemistry Exam Questions and Answers isomers are two compounds with the same molecular formula that are different - Correct Answers ✅what are isomers
- Structural (constitutional) isomers
- Stereoisomers (two types) - enantiomers and diasteromers
- Geometric isomers (also known as cis and trans isomers) -
Correct Answers ✅What are the three types of isomers?different bonding arrangement of atoms. atoms are bonded together in a different sequence - Correct Answers ✅what is a structural (constitutional) isomer?
stereoisomers: atoms are bonded together in the same
sequence, but have different 3-D arrangement in space
enantiomers: non-superimposable mirror images
diasteromers: stereoisomers that are not enantiomers: not superimposable and not mirror images - Correct Answers ✅what is a stereoisomer? what are the two types of stereoisomers?an atom that has four different groups attached to it - Correct Answers ✅what is a chiral atom?-R configuration - clockwise 1 / 2
ETS Major Field Test – Chemistry Exam Questions and Answers -S configuration - counterclockwise - Correct Answers ✅If a chiral atoms is in the "R" configuration, in what direction does the arc go?if a chiral atom is in the "S" configuration, in what direction does the arc go?at least 2 - Correct Answers ✅how many chiral centers does a diastereomer need to have?the larger the molecular weight, the lower the water solubility
- Correct Answers ✅how does molecular weight relate to
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water-solubility?-increases water solubility -alcohols, amines, C=O, ethers, and F - Correct Answers ✅- How does the presence of hydrogen-bonding change the water-solubility?-What can hydrogen-bond with water?The more linear, the less water soluble, due to a greater non- polar surface area than a branched molecule of the same molecular weight - Correct Answers ✅What shape of a molecule can make a substance less water-soluble and why