EPID 2200 Midterm Questions with

EPID 2200 Midterm Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) Epidemiology - Correct Answers ✅Study of

• How disease is distributed in pops
• the factors that determine/influence this distribution

Etiological research - Correct Answers ✅Discover disease risk factors Objectives of epidemiology - Correct Answers ✅1.Etiological research (risk factors)

• Determine extent of disease in a community
• Natural history/prognosis
• Disease prevention/treatment evaluation
• Public policy foundation

Assumption of epidemiology - Correct Answers ✅We can distinguish people w/ and w/o disease Epedmiology identifies factors that (3) - Correct Answers ✅1. Keeps us healthy

• Make us sick
• Help us get better
• Types of risk factors - Correct Answers ✅1. Fixed
• Modifiable 1 / 3

EPID 2200 Midterm Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) Fixed risk factors - Correct Answers ✅Identify high risk groups Modifiable risk factors - Correct Answers ✅Targets for disease prevention

• types of disease prevention - Correct Answers ✅1.

Primary

• Secondary
• Tertiary

Primary disease prevention - Correct Answers ✅Prevent initial disease development -immunization, high school smoking prevention Secondary disease prevention - Correct Answers ✅Screen for the disease at an early stage Tertiary disease prevention - Correct Answers ✅Treat the disease Dr. Percival Pott (1774) - Correct Answers ✅Noticed scrotal cancer in chimney sweeps, implicated "something in soot" 2 / 3

EPID 2200 Midterm Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) Chimney Sweeps Act (1788) - Correct Answers ✅Must be at least 8 years old Causal exposure - Correct Answers ✅1. Followed by a disease outcome

• Wouldn't have occurred had the exposure not occurred
• All else held constant

Causation - Correct Answers ✅Factor A leads to (causes) Factor B Correlation - Correct Answers ✅Factor A and B are related, such that when factor A is present, factor B is also present Can we prove causation w/ correlation? - Correct Answers

✅No, but:

• don't need to know exact cause before intervening
• don't need mechanism to reduce exposure
• Epid associations often shown to be causal
• If the association is causal, people will needlessly get ill/die

if we don't act Can we prove causation w/o correlation? - Correct Answers

✅No:

• All causes began as observed correlations
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