EKG Kaiser Study Guide Exam Questions

EKG Kaiser Study Guide Exam Questions and Answers Cardiac Conduction Pathway System - Correct Answers ✅SA node> AV node> Bundle of His> Left and Right bundle branches> Purkinjie fibers

Pacemakers of the heart - Correct Answers ✅♥ Natural:

SA Node = 60-100 beats/minute

♥ Backup: AV Node = 40-60 beats/minute

♥ Backup: Purkinje Fibers (ventricles) = 20-40 beats/minute

SA Node - Correct Answers ✅• Intrinsic Pacemaker of the heart • Rate 60-100 beats/min • RA (Right Atrium), close to SVC (Superior Vena Cava) • Blood supply from RCA (Right Coronary Artery) & LCA (Left Coronary Artery) Interatrial/Internodal Tracts - Correct Answers ✅Transmits impulses from the SA node to the AV node through the RA & LA AV node - Correct Answers ✅• Slows conduction (40-60 beats/min) • Physiologic delay allows atrial kick on floor of RA near tricuspid valve 1 / 4

EKG Kaiser Study Guide Exam Questions and Answers Bundle of His - Correct Answers ✅Bundle of cardiac muscle fibers that conducts the electrical impulses from the AV node in the right atrium to the septum between the ventricles and then to the left and right ventricles.bundle branches - Correct Answers ✅Right and Left (Left anterior & Left posterior fascicles) Purkinjie Fibers - Correct Answers ✅Fibers from Bundle Branches imbedded into the ventricle walls.Depolarization vs Repolarization - Correct Answers ✅Depolarization - electrical excitation of the cell membrane, normally followed by mechanical contraction Repolarization - return of cell membrane to its resting state, normally followed by mechanical relaxation Electrical and mechanical activity of the heart - Correct Answers ✅♥ The heart has two activities that are

performed rhythmically: electrical activity followed by

mechanical activity ♥ Electrical activity always precedes mechanical activity ♥ It is possible to have electrical activity without mechanical response ♥ Always check the patient - Do Not Depend on the Machine!!! 2 / 4

EKG Kaiser Study Guide Exam Questions and Answers Measurement of the boxes in the ekg - Correct Answers ✅♥ A standard ECG is printed at 25mm per second or 25 small squares per second. Since one second divided by 25 small boxes, then each 1 mm box = 0.04 seconds. The larger boxes indicated by the heavier lines are equal to 0.20 seconds.♥ Voltage is measured along the vertical axis and is expressed in millivolts (mV). The standard calibration is that a

• mV signal produces a 10-mm deflection (0.1 mV=1mm).

Simply put 10 small squares vertically is equal to 1 millivolt EKG waveforms and intervals - Correct Answers ✅♥ P wave - rounded with upright deflection in lead II, atrial depolarization ♥ PR interval- delay @ AV junction • measure from beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS • Normal duration 0.12 - 0.20 seconds • S wave - Negative deflection following the R-wave ♥ QRS complex - multiple components, Ventricular depolarization, - 0.06 -0.11 • Q wave - first negative deflection after P wave R wave • Positive deflection after the Q 3 / 4

EKG Kaiser Study Guide Exam Questions and Answers ♥ J point - marks where the QRS complex ends and the ST segment begins ♥ ST segment - normally isoelectric line between QRS and the beginning of the T wave ♥ QT interval - beginning of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave; changes with heart rate, usually half of the R to R interval. beginning of vent activation through Ventricular depolarization. 0.44 -0.48 (Rate dependent) ♥ T wave - follows the QRS; typically, larger than the P wave and slightly asymmetric; Ventricular repolarization ♥ U wave - not usually seen, may be due to hypokalemia or digitalis toxicity Isoelectric Line -No perceived electrical current indication of a flat line at any time in the duration of a series of waves - Correct Answers ✅indicates no electrical activity at that particular moment Nursing Responsibilities when theres changes in ECG rhythm

• Correct Answers ✅♥ Print, measure, interpret and post

rhythm strips per unit standard.♥ Get a 12 lead ECG for any rhythm changes.♥ Get a set of vital signs for any rhythm changes.♥ Know your unit standards and when to notify the MD.

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