EDF 6225 Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% Solved
Question : science
CORRECT ANSWER : Systematic approach for seeking &
organizing knowledge about the natural world
Question : purpose of science
CORRECT ANSWER : ◦To achieve a thorough
understanding of the phenomena under study
Question : ABA seeks to
CORRECT ANSWER : discover the real truths (not those
held by certain groups, organizations, etc.)
Question : Three different types of investigations provide
different levels of understanding
CORRECT ANSWER : 1. description 2. prediction 3.
control
Question : description
CORRECT ANSWER : ◦Collection of facts about observed
events that can be quantified, classified, & examined for possible relations with other known facts ◦Often suggests hypotheses or questions for additional research
Question : prediction
CORRECT ANSWER : ◦Relative probability that when one
event occurs, another event will or will not occur ◦Based on repeated observation revealing relationships between various events ◦Demonstrates correlation between events ◦No causal relationships can be interpreted ◦Enables preparation
Question : control
CORRECT ANSWER : ◦Highest level of scientific
understanding ◦Functional relations can be derived Specific change in one event (dependent variable).... Can reliably be produced by specific manipulations of another event (independent variable)... And the change in the dependent variable was unlikely to be the result of other extraneous factors (confounding variables) ◦Events can only really be "co-related" Nearly impossible to factor out all other possible "causes"
Question : attitudes of science
CORRECT ANSWER : - Definition of science lies within
the behavior of scientists, not the instruments or materials they use - Only known as science due to an overriding idea of "scientific method" - Fundamental assumptions about the nature of events
Question : 6 attitudes of science
CORRECT ANSWER : 1. DETERMINISM 2.
EMPIRICISM 3. EXPERIMENTATION 4. REPLICATION
5. PARSIMONY 6. PHILOSOPHIC DOUBT
Question : determinism
CORRECT ANSWER : - Assumption upon which science is
predicted - Presumption that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all phenomena occur as the result of other events - Events do not just occur at will - Events are related in systematic ways
Question : empiricism
CORRECT ANSWER : - Practice of objective observation
of phenomena of interest - What all scientific knowledge is built upon - "Objective" is the key to gaining a better understanding of what is being studied
Question : experimentation
CORRECT ANSWER : - Basic strategy in most sciences -
Experiment: ◦Controlled comparison of some measure of the
phenomenon of interest (dependent variable) under two of more different conditions in which only one factor at a time (independent variable) differs from one condition to another
Question : replication
CORRECT ANSWER : - The repetition of experiments to
determine the reliability and usefulness of findings - Includes the repetition of independent variable conditions within experiments - Method for which mistakes are discovered
Question : parsimony
CORRECT ANSWER : - The idea that simple, logical
explanations must be ruled out, experimentally or