CPN Ultimate Test Study Guide | 740 Questions with 100% CORRECT ANSWERs | Verified | Latest Update
Question :A 16-year-old male has hearing loss at the 4000-
Hertz range on audiogram. What is the most common cause for such a hearing deficit?
- Cerumen in the ear canal.
- Prolonged exposure to noises over 100 decibels.
- Medulla oblongata tumor.
- Ruptured tympanic membrane.
CORRECT ANSWER :B: Prolonged exposure to loud noises (music, power tools, firearms) can lead to high frequency hearing loss at the 4000-Hertz level, making it hard for the child to hear high-pitched voices and certain sounds, such as consonants. Digital hearing aids may be programmed to compensate for high frequency hearing loss.
Question :Which of the following would NOT be considered
a pediatric patient at high risk for
dehydration?
- 4-year-old male with 30% body surface area burn.
- 7-year-old female with diabetic ketoacidosis
- 12-year-old male with hyperventilation due to anxiety
- 8-year-old male with cellulitis in the right arm.
CORRECT ANSWER :D: Cellulitis, a bacterial skin infection, is not associated with dehydration. Burns, diabetic ketoacidosis, and hyperventilation may all contribute to dehydration in children.
Question :A 15-year-old female is evaluated for an intentional
overdose of aspirin. The excessive ingestion of this medication puts the patient at risk for what acid-base disorder?
- Metabolic acidosis.
- Metabolic alkalosis.
- Respiratory acidosis.
- Respiratory alkalosis.
CORRECT ANSWER :A: The ingestion of aspirin (salicylic acid) puts the patient at risk for a metabolic acidosis
due to the acidic medication. Symptoms include drowsiness, confusion, headache, decreased blood pressure, flushed skin, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and tachypnea.
Question :Symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of
dehydration in children would include all of the
following EXCEPT:
- Thirst.
- Bradycardia.
- Dry mucous membranes.
- Depressed fontanelles.
CORRECT ANSWER :B: Tachycardia, not bradycardia, is a common sign of dehydration in pediatric patients.Children with dehydration typically are thirsty and have dry mucous membranes, reduced skin turgor, and depressed fontanelles (in infants).
Question :A 6-year-old female with dehydration due to
vomiting is evaluated with a complete blood count
(CBC). What lab finding is expected?
- Decreased mean corpuscular (cell) volume (MCV).
- Increased MCV.
- Increased hematocrit.
- Normal red cell distribution width (RDW).
CORRECT ANSWER :C: Due to volume loss, the hematocrit will be elevated as red blood cells become more concentrated in the blood. The MCV test shows the average size of the red blood cells and helps to determine the type of anemia while RDW shows the variations in cell size, important for some types of anemia (such as pernicious anemia).
Question :What is the leading cause of death in children in
developing countries?
- Accidental trauma.
B. TB.
C. AIDS.
- Infectious diarrhea.