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CPN EXAM - PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Question: What enteric bacteria have been linked to
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)?
A. Escherichia coli O157:H7.
- Clostridium difficile.
- Rotavirus.
- Vibrio cholera.
CORRECT ANSWER : E. coli O157:H7 from contaminated ground meat is the most common bacterial cause of HUS although other bacteria, such as Shigella dysenteriae, may also cause HUS.
Question: What is the most common cause of secondary
hypertension in children?
- Coarctation of the aorta.
- Renal disease.
- Neuroblastomas.
- Drug toxicity.
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CORRECT ANSWER : Renal disease is the most
common cause of secondary hypertension in the pediatric population. Coarctation of the aorta, neuroblastoma, and drug toxicity are less common causes of secondary hypertension. Primary hypertension is also on the rise, related to obesity, lack of exercise, and poor nutrition.
Question: In order to prevent liver toxicity in a 16-year-
old female with an intentional overdose of acetaminophen, what medication can be given?
- N-Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst).
- Activated charcoal.
- Ipecac syrup.
- Naloxone (Narcan).
CORRECT ANSWER : N-Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) is
the medication used for acetaminophen overdoses.Toxicity occurs with dosage >140 mg/kg in one dose or >7.5g in 24 hours. The 72-hour N-acetylcysteine (NAC) protocol includes 140 mg/kg initially and 70 mg/kg every
- hours for 17 more doses (orally or IV). Naloxone is
used for opiate overdoses, and activated charcoal is used for numerous other medication overdoses.
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Question: What is the spinal cord syndrome called in a
10-year-old male following a severe motor vehicle accident with a hemisection of the spinal cord, associated ipsilateral weakness, loss of proprioception, and contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation?
- Anterior cord syndrome.
- Complete cord injury.
- Brown-Sequard syndrome.
- Posterior cord syndrome.
CORRECT ANSWER : Hemisection of the spinal cord,
severing it on one side only, and its associated symptoms are referred to as Brown-Sequard syndrome. Anterior cord syndrome results in loss of motor abilities and some sensations (temperature, pain, vibration) below injury.Posterior cord syndrome retains motor functions but some sensation is lost below injury. Complete cord injury results in bilateral paralysis and lack of sensation below injury.
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Question: Which of the following would NOT be a likely
physical finding in a 2-year-old male who inadvertently ingests opiates from his parent's prescription medication?
- Decreased respiratory rate.
- Lethargy.
- Decreased bowel sounds.
- Pupillary dilation.
CORRECT ANSWER : Pupillary constriction, not
dilation, is a hallmark of opiate overdose. Decreased respiratory rate, lethargy, and decreased bowel sounds are common physical symptoms of opiate overdose.
Question: Which of the following anatomic structures is
most medial in the inguinal area for a 10-year-old child undergoing venipuncture at the femoral site?
- Femoral vein.
- Femoral artery.
- Femoral nerve.
- Anterior superior iliac crest.