Geography AQA PAPER 1 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS SCORED 100%
- kinds of coastal erosion - Ans Solution, corrosion, abrasion, attrition, hydraulic power
Abrasion - Ans Sandpapering pebbles grinding against platform until smooth
Afforestation (preventing flooding) - Ans Trees planted to increase interception of rain water
Attrition - Ans Pebbles carried by sea knock against each other to be smaller and rounder
Banbury Managing floods - Ans Located in Coltswold Hills about 50km north of Oxford Has history of flooding and £12.5 million damage 150 homes and businesses affected To reduce risk flood defence scheme completed earth embankment built to create a flood storage area and raised the A361 Social- Raised A361 will be open in flood Economic- Cost of scheme £18.5 mil Environmental- 100,000 tonnes of earth used to build embankment
Bars - Ans Longshore drift caucuses spit to grow across a bay trapping a lake behind it causing a bar waves deposit sediment due to friction with seabed, build up of sediment cause wave to break from coast
Beach nourishment (coast defence) - Ans Dumping new sand onto eroding beaches to restore them, needs maintaining and is costly
Beach stabilisation (coast defence) - Ans Planting dead trees in sand widens beach but requires maintenance
Biological weathering (cliffs) - Ans Plants growing in cracks and animals burrowing in weak rock
Causes of climate change- human - Ans Burning fossil fuels and realising co2 or deforestation
Causes of climate change- natural - Ans Changes in earths orbit, varied heat output from sun, volcanic activity ash blocks out sunlight
Causes of desertification - Ans Erosion, overgrazing, drought, soil compaction, agriculture
Challenges of the Thar desert - Ans Temperature- working in high temperature hard for farmers and lead to water shortage Water supply- as a population and farming industry grows water need increases 1 / 2
Accessibility issues- limited roads tarmac would melt
Chemical weathering (cliffs) - Ans Caused by chemical changes eg rain water is acidic
Chile HIC earthquake - Ans 27th feb 2010, 8.8 Richter scale, caused on destructive plate margin PE- 5000 deaths, Santiago airport damaged SE- 1500km road damaged by landslide IR- Emergency service floating bridge, field hospitals LTR- President said 4 years to recover
Coastal transportation 4 kinds - Ans Solution; Suspension; Traction; Saltation
Confluence - Ans Where a tributary joins a larger river
Conservative plate - Ans Two plates moving alongside, friction can send shockwaves causing earthquakes
Constructive plates - Ans Two plates move apart, magma forces way along gap and causes earthquake, erupted lava cools and forms volcano
Constructive waves - Ans Deposit large amounts of sand and pebbles construct beaches strong swash (spilling)
Consumers - Ans Get energy by consuming other organisms
Continental crust - Ans Less dense older cannot be renewed
Coriolis effect - Ans The effect of Earth's rotation on the direction of winds and currents.
Corrosion - Ans Fragments of rock picked up and hurled at cliff
Dam construction (preventing flood) - Ans Water is held back in a dam and released in a controlled way, is expensive, makes hydroelectric power, agricultural land lost
Deciduous and coniferous - Ans 50-60 degrees north of equator shed leaves in winter to retain moisture
Deposition - Ans Occurs when the velocity decreases and there is no more energy
Desert distribution - Ans 30 degrees north and south of equator sub tropic high pressure belts sinking air stops cloud forming
Destructive plate - Ans Two plates moving towards one another, oceanic plate subducts under continental plate and friction causes melting of oceanic plate, triggers earthquake
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