Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice Nurse Prescribers Scored 100 % Nurse practitioner prescriptive authority is regulated by who? - Ans The State Board of Nursing for Each State
What is the benefits of having an APRN prescriber? - Ans APRN's care for patients more holistically and include patients in making decisions regarding their care
What does clinical judgement in prescribing include? - Ans Factoring in the cost of the particular
What is included in the criteria for choosing and effective drug for a disorder? - Ans Consulting nationally recognized guidelines for disease management
NP's thrive under the new health-care reform because of what? - Ans NP's have the ability to control care cost and improve patient outcome
Nutritional intake and lab results reflect hypoalbuminemia; why is this important for prescribers? - Ans The Distribution of drugs to target tissues may be affected
Drugs that have an significant first-pass effect what? - Ans they are rapidly metabolized by the liver and may have little if any desired action
The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be? - Ans Lungs
Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed IM to create storage reservoir of the drug. What are storage reserviors> - Ans Increased the length of time a drug is available and active
Why is Cephalexin given every 8 hours? What knowledge of the drug does the NP know? - Ans Half Life
Azithromycin doing requires that the first day's doing be twice those of the other four day; This is considered a loading does. What is a loading dose? - Ans Rapidly actives drug levels in the therapeutic range
The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a
therapeutic effect is the: - Ans Onset of action
Phenytoin required that a trough level be drawn. When and why are peak and trough levels are done - Ans To determine if a d rug is in the therapeutic range
Drugs that are receptor agonists may demonstrate what property? - Ans Concentrations will produce an adverse effect
- / 2
Factors that affect gastric drug absorption include - Ans Lipid solubility of the drug
Drugs that are receptors antagonists, such as beta-blockers, may cause what? - Ans An exaggerated response if abrupt discontinues
Drug administration via IV:
1) need to be lipid soluble in order to absorb easily 2) Begin distribution in the body immediately 3) Are easily absorbed if they are nonionized 4) May use pinocytosis to be absorbed - Ans Are easily absorbed if they are nonionized
What is the combination effect when a medication is added to a regimen for a synergistic effect? - Ans Greater than the sum of the effects of each drug individually
Which of the following statements about bioavailability is true?1) Bioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges or sustained-release mechanisms.2) brands of a drug have the same bioavailability.3) Drugs that are administered more than once a day have greater bioavailability than drugs given once daily.4) Combining an active drug with an inert substance does not affect bioavailability. - Ans Bioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic
Which of the following statements about the major distribution barriers (blood-brain or fetal-placental) is true?1) Water soluble and ionized drugs cross these barriers rapidly.2) The blood-brain barrier slows the entry of many drugs into and from brain cells.3) The fetal-placental barrier protects the fetus from drugs taken by the mother.4) Lipid-soluble drugs do not pass these barriers and are safe for pregnant women - Ans The blood-brain barrier slows the entry of many drugs into and from brain cells.
What is the purpose of phase I and phase II of metabolism in the liver? - Ans Change drug molecules to a form that an excretory organ can excrete
What happens to the metabolites after they are metabolized in the liver? - Ans the metabolite may or may not be more active than the parent drug and they are totally deactivated so they are excreted without and effect; it depends on the medication being given
What causes the body to increased the excretion of a drug through the renal system - Ans Unbinding a nonvolatile drug from plasma proteins.
What is "steady state"? - Ans When the amount of the drug in the body remains constant
- / 2