COMPLETE ANSWERS 100 CORRECT LATEST

ARRT EXAM 1-5

COMPLETE ANSWERS 100% CORRECT (LATEST 2024 / 2025 )

• Damage to the cells is the earliest appearance of radiation damage

to the skin.: Basal cells

Basal cells are stem cells that mature in the process of rising to the epidermal surface.

2. ALARA: As Low As Reasonably Achievable

3. What treatment delivery method spares healthy tissue the LEAST?: 2D

IMRT, VMAT and SBRT are examples of conformal tx. techniques that spare healthy tissue

• For a member of the general public, the maximum exposure of radiation should not

exceed .: 100mrem/year

• rem/yr
• For those who work with radiation, the max dose limit for adults for full body is .:

5,000 mrem/year

5rem/yr

• For those who work with radiation, the max dose limit for adults for lens of the eye

exposure is .: 50,000 mrem/year

50rem/yr

• For an undeclared pregnant radiation worker, the max dose of expo- sure remains , but

once declared the max dose exposure drops to over the time of the pregnancy.:

Undeclared: 5,000mrem/year (50rem/yr)

Declared: 500mrem/time of pregnancy (.5 rem/pregnancy)

• The imaging size of the CT scanner is most dependent on

: scanned field of view

• Where do medulloblastomas typically metastasize to?: Bone via the blood- stream (pelvis,

long bone and spine) 1 / 3

also known to spread through CSF

• Which of the following skin cancer histologies is MOST likely to spread distantly to the

lung?

Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Multiple myeloma Melanoma: Melanoma Basal cell carcinoma and SCC are typically localized and spread by direct extention. between the 2, SSC is most likely to metastasize

• Which of the following is TRUE regarding grading of the tumor?

-A well differentiated cell has a higher grade than a poorly differentiated cell.-Cells that look like the tissue of origin are classified as Grade 4.-Grading can only occur by examining the cancer cells with a microscope.

-Grading only occurs if the patient has an oncologic resection of the tumor: -

Grading can only occur by examining the cancer cells with a microscope.

• Xerostomia occurs after cGy resulting in significant long-term

effects.: 2,000cGy

• 4D respiratory gating is significantly useful for treating tumors in all of the following,

EXCEPT:

Bone. Breast. Lung.

Abdomen.: Bone

• Which of the following variations from treatment would be considered a systemic error?

-Bolus was omitted for one fraction -Imaging was completed on fraction 7 rather than fraction 6 -Wrong electron cutout was used for one day of the boost treatment -Wrong monitor units (MU) were inputed and used for the entire course of treatment: Wrong monitor units (MU) were inputed and used for the entire course of treatment

• A patient presenting with unilateral hearing loss and an enlarged cervical lymph node

should be evaluated for suspected lesion relating to which prima- ry diagnosis:: nasopharyngeal 2 / 3

• Total body exposure to a dose more than 10Gy will result in which acute effect?: GI

syndrome

Characterized by diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting (resulting with death within days)

• A can be used to compensate for an irregular skin

surface: Answer = bolus

Compensating filters (are used like a wedge)- made individually for each patient and alter the isodose patterns

Wedges - attenuate the beam across the field

Blocks - are used to block radiation from a certain area

• The IMRT x-ray output consistency should be checked on a(n) basis.: monthly
• Which organization is responsible for establishing suggested dose limits for safe practices

within the United States?: NCRP

• Shock caused by sepsis, deep anesthesia, or administration of contrast media is:: vasogenic

shock Hypovolemic shock = loss of blood or other fluid Cardiogenic shock = caused by variety of cardiac disorders Neurogenic shock = caused by spinal anesthesia

21. 5FU is what type of chemotherapy?: Antimetabolite

• A whole body dose of 100-1000 cGy (1-10Gy) would cause symptoms from which

syndrome?: hematopoietic syndrome

• Mycosis fungoides is the most common form of

.: cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare type of cancer that begins in white blood cells called T cells (T lymphocytes).

24. Ipsilateral means: same side of body

25. bilateral means: both sides of the body

• when treating a patient using the SSD, the field size is defined at
• / 3