NUR 2063 Pathophysiology Rasmussen College Final Exam Latest Version 400 Questions and Correct Answers 1st degree burn - Correct AnswerOnly the epidermis (red, painful, and edema)
2nd degree burn - Correct Answerepidermis and part of dermis (blistered)
- Causes of AKI - Correct AnswerPrerenal, intrarenal, postrenal
- parts of Virchow's triad - Correct AnswerEndothelial injury, sluggish blood flow, and
increased coagulopathy
3rd degree burn - Correct AnswerFull thickness damage through skin into nerves and muscles. Absence of pain and neuropathy
Absence Seizure - Correct Answerstaring spells that last seconds
Acidosis CO2 - Correct Answergreater than 45
Acidosis HCO3 - Correct Answerless than 22
Acidosis pH - Correct Answerless than 7.35
adhesions - Correct Answerbands of scar tissue joining two surfaces that are normally separated in the bowel
after load - Correct Answerthe pressure or force needed to eject blood from the heart
Alkalosis CO2 - Correct Answerless than 35
Alkalosis HCO3 - Correct Answergreater than 26
Alkalosis pH - Correct Answergreater than 7.45
aplastic anemia - Correct Answerfailure of blood cell production in the bone marrow
ARF and shock - Correct Answerfrom hypotension causing lower blood flow, low GFR
Atonic Seizure - Correct Answerloss of muscle tone, can cause falls as people drop during it
Bradycardia - Correct Answerheart rate less than 60 bpm
bradypnea - Correct Answerless than 12 breaths per minute 1 / 3
cardiac output - Correct Answerthe amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle in 1 minute
causes of anemia - Correct Answerreduced number of red blood cells from the result of blood loss, bone marrow failure, renal failure, nutritional deficiencies, and abnormal hemoglobin
Causes of ARDS - Correct Answersevere trauma, sepsis, aspiration, fat emboli, shock.
Causes of COPD - Correct Answersmoking or air pollution
Causes of encephalitis - Correct Answerwest nile virus, HSV, equine cephalitis
Causes of meningitis - Correct Answerstrep pneumonia, meningococcus, hemophilic influenza or can be viral. it reaches the person through the ears
Causes of osteomyelitis - Correct Answerburns, sinus disease, trauma, tumors, periodontal infection and pressure ulcers, open fractures, penetration of wounds, surgical contamination or use of metal screws
Causes of pneumonia - Correct Answeraspiration, inhaled contaminants from the mouth, virus, hospital or community acquired infections.
Characteristics of benign tumors - Correct AnswerLocalized growth that is curable.They more closely resemble the original tissue type, they grow slowly, have little vascularity, rarely necrotic, and usually have similar function to the original cells. Can be fatal depending on the location (brain, heart,etc), usually grows at the original areas of the body. Encapsulated
Characteristics of malignant tumors - Correct Answerusually cancerous. They ignore growth controlling signals and replicate despite signals from the environment. They can escape signals and can die. they can also display different functions poorly or not at all related to the tissue. Greater degree of differentiation meCorrect Answerthat it is more aggressive. Can move around with a poor prognosis. Anaplasia, metastasis
Diabetic A1c level - Correct Answerabove 6.5
DIC and shock - Correct Answerin septic shock, where there is one bleeding but uses up all the clotting factor causing bleeding and ischemia to the tissues.
DIC causes - Correct Answertrauma, malignancy, burns, sepsis, shock and abuptio placente. There is widespread clot formation in small vessels.
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Etiology of ARDS - Correct Answeratelectasis and decrease in lung compliance and surfactant, fibrosis, pulmonary edema, disruptions in o2 transport, hypoxemia. Lungs fill with fluid- dyspnea, o2 will drop, frothy sputum, hypoximea, co2 is trapped low Ph
Etiology of Pneumonia - Correct AnswerThe organism enters the lung, multiplies and triggers pulmonary inflammation that invade alveolar sacs that fill with fluid that is hard to cough up.
Examples of intrarenal causes of AKI - Correct Answerchemo, contrast dye, prolonged kidney stones in the post renal stage
Examples of metabolic acidosis? - Correct Answeraspirin toxicity, excessive alcohol use, lactic acid buildup. DKA, starvation, persistent diarrhea, kidney failure
Examples of metabolic alkalosis? - Correct Answerexcessive vomiting or NG suctioning
Examples of postrenal causes of AKI - Correct Answerrenal stones, enlarged prostate, tumor in the urethra
Examples of prerenal causes of AKI - Correct Answerlow BP, hypovolemia, heart failure, renal artery occlusion, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, burns leading to dehydration, NSAIDs, and antihypertensives that drop the BP
Examples of respiratory acidosis? - Correct Answerhypoventilation, opioid overdose, impaired airway, respiratory depression, COPD
Examples of respiratory alkalosis? - Correct Answerhyperventilation, fever, anxiety, sepsis, brain trauma, ventilation
Examples of secondary brain injury - Correct Answerbrain swelling secondary to stroke or trauma
examples of signs - Correct AnswerBleeding, fever, swelling, rash
examples of symptoms - Correct Answerpain, dizziness, itching, nausea
Examples of type 1 hypersensitivity - Correct Answerallergic reaction to dust. someone eats peanuts and breaks out in hives and runny nose
Examples of type 2 hypersensitivity - Correct AnswerBlood transfusions when wrong blood given, hemolytic disease of newborn, grCorrect Answerdisease, myasthenia gravis
Examples primary brain injury - Correct Answerstroke, concussion, trauma
Examples type 3 hypersensitivity - Correct AnswerRA, lupus
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