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CLEP BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS| GRADE A | 100%
CORRECT
**Question 1: What are the three types of chemical bonds
mentioned?**
Answer: Covalent (peptide), Ionic, Hydrogen
**Question 2: Which type of chemical bond is the strongest?**
Answer: Covalent (when atoms share electrons)
**Question 3: Which type of chemical bond is the weakest?**
Answer: Hydrogen
**Question 4: What is the range of the pH scale?**
Answer: 14 - 0
**Question 5: What is the most acidic value on the pH scale?**
Answer: acids - 0
**Question 6: What is the most basic value on the pH scale?**
Answer: base - 14
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**Question 7: What does hydrophilic mean?**
Answer: water loving
**Question 8: What does hydrophobic mean?**
Answer: water hating
**Question 9: What is diffusion?**
Answer: molecule movement from high to low concentration
gradient
**Question 10: What are carbohydrates and what are they used
for?** Answer: energy storage molecules: sugars, starches, glucose, carbons, mono and polysaccharides
**Question 11: What are nucleic acids?**
Answer: DNA and RNA
**Question 12: What are proteins?**
Answer: enzymes made from amino acids, polypeptides
**Question 13: What is osmosis?**
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Answer: passive transport of water diffusion where water seeks
to have both solute concentrations across a membrane to be equal (isotonic). water wants to dilute the higher solute concentration by moving from low to high areas.
**Question 14: What is facilitated diffusion?**
Answer: specialized proteins embedded in cell membrane
permit passage of substances of a particular shape and size
**Question 15: What is the function of a lysosome?**
Answer: stores enzymes (proteins), digests macromolecules and
cell waste
**Question 16: What two organelles do plant cells have that
animal cells do not?**
Answer: chloroplasts - site of photosynthesis, cell wall
**Question 17: What are prokaryotes?**
Answer: cell without organelles or nucleus (bacteria,
pathogens), reproduce by fission (parent cell divide into 2 offspring cells), a sexual, all offspring genetically the same
**Question 18: What are eukaryotes?**
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Answer: cells that contain organelles
**Question 19: What are enzymes?**
Answer: proteins that act on a substrate, catalysts are used to
speed up reaction, destroyed at high temp or a pH that is too high/low
**Question 20: What is a Gilbert Lewis dot structure?**
Answer: diagrams that show bonding between atoms of
molecule (atoms bond to make molecule)