- / 4
Genetics, 6e (Hartwell)
Chapter 1 Genetics: The Study of Biological Information
1) How does DNA structure relate to its function?
- The three-dimensional structure allows DNA to catalyze chemical reactions.
- The order of nucleotides in a DNA strand specifies the order of amino acids in a protein.
- DNA folds in a variety of shapes, each with a unique function.
- The three-dimensional shape of DNA is critical for the storage of genetic information.
Answer: B
Section: 01.01
Topic: DNA: Life's Fundamental Information Molecule
Learning Objective: 01.01.01 Relate the structure of DNA function.
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
2) What is a difference between the structure of DNA and proteins?
- DNA is composed of amino acids and proteins are composed of nucleotides.
- DNA is composed of the four nucleotides A, G, C, and T and proteins are composed of the
- DNA is composed of nucleotides and proteins are composed of amino acids.
- DNA is composed of 10 different amino acids and proteins are composed of 20 different
four nucleotides A, G, C, and U.
amino acids.
Answer: C
Section: 01.02
Topic: Proteins: The Functional Molecules of Life Processes Learning Objective: 01.02.01 Compare the chemical structures of DNA and proteins.
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
3) A genome can be best described as
- a segment of DNA that encodes an RNA or a protein.
- an organized package of DNA and proteins.
- a single pair of nucleotides connected by hydrogen bonds.
- the DNA in all chromosomes in a cell.
Answer: D
Section: 01.01
Topic: DNA: Life's Fundamental Information Molecule Learning Objective: 01.01.02 Differentiate between a chromosome, DNA, a gene, a base pair, and a protein.
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
1 Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 2 / 4
4) What is the difference between the function of DNA and the function of proteins?
- DNA performs most cellular functions and proteins store information.
- DNA stores genetic information in the order of nucleotides and proteins store genetic
- DNA stores genetic information and proteins perform most cellular functions.
- DNA provides structure to the cell and proteins act as enzymes.
information in the order of amino acids.
Answer: C
Section: 01.02
Topic: Proteins: The Functional Molecules of Life Processes Learning Objective: 01.02.02 Differentiate between the functions of DNA and the functions of proteins.
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
5) Which statement supports the theory that all organisms are related?
- The genetic code is almost universal.
- All flies have two wings.
- Body parts with similar functions in different species are determined by unrelated genes.
- Prokaryotes have circular chromosomes.
Answer: A
Section: 01.03
Topic: Molecular Similarities of All Life-Forms
Learning Objective: 01.03.01 Summarize the molecular evidence for the common origin of living organisms.
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
6) New genes are thought to arise by which mechanism?
- Gene duplication followed by divergence due to mutation.
- Fusion of two genes due to mating between individuals of two different species.
- Conversion of introns to exons by the accumulation of mutations.
- Mutation of a DNA sequence activates a gene that was previously turned off.
Answer: A
Section: 01.04
Topic: The Modular Construction of Genomes
Learning Objective: 01.04.01 Describe mechanisms by which new genes could arise.
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
2 Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 3 / 4
7) What is the most likely way a mutation in one gene can convert one body part to another?
- The mutated gene encodes a protein that affects the expression of many other genes.
- The mutated gene encodes a protein that determines cell shape.
- The mutation is in a structural gene and results in production of more protein than usual.
- A mutation in only one gene cannot convert one body part to another.
Answer: A
Section: 01.04
Topic: The Modular Construction of Genomes
Learning Objective: 01.04.02 Explain how regulation of gene expression can alter gene function.
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
8) A recent technical advancement that has accelerated the study of genomes is the ability to
- sequence large complex genomes rapidly and inexpensively.
- rapidly identify and mutate individual disease-causing genes.
- determine the function of genes by comparing genome sequences.
- edit DNA in germ-line cells to correct disease-causing mutations.
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
Topic: Modern Genetic Techniques
Learning Objective: 01.05.01 Explain how advances in technology have accelerated the analysis of genomes.
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
9) What is the difference between genetic dissection and genome sequencing?
- Genetic dissection reveals information about one gene at a time and genome sequencing
- Genetic dissection experiments can be accomplished in any species and genome sequencing is
- Genetic dissection depends on the availability of mutations in model organisms and mutations
- The genetic dissection approach is affordable and genome sequencing is prohibitively
reveals information about all the genes in a genome at once.
only possible in model organisms.
are of no use in the study of genomes by genome sequencing.
expensive.
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
Topic: Modern Genetic Techniques
Learning Objective: 01.05.02 Compare the knowledge obtained from genetic dissection and genome sequencing.
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
3 Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
- / 4