CBIS Exam Guide V2 (Latest Update 2025 / 2026) Test Guide with Questions & Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct (Verified Solutions)
Question:
Hydrocephalus
Answer:
abnormal accumulation of CFS fluid within the ventricles.
Question:
Obstructive hydrocephalus
Answer:
obstruction of the flow of CFS around the brain after trauma.
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Question:
Hydrocephalus ex-vacuo
Answer:
occurs after TBI-brain tissue that has been injured will cause neuronal loss and shrinking of the brain tissue, leading to what looks like enlarged ventricles on scans. Hydroceph. may develop.
Question:
Spasticity: what is/classified by, results from, symptoms (3)
Answer:
Motor disorder, velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch + exaggerated tendon reflexes from excitability of the stretch reflex.Results from upper motor neuron damage.Symptoms-increased muscle tone, clonus, exaggerated tendon reflexes.
Question:
Contractures
Answer:
fixed loss of passive joint ROM due to pathology of connective tissue/ligaments/muscles/cartilage/joint capsules
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Question:
Heterotopic Ossification: include %
Answer:
Formation of new bone around joints as a conseq. of TBI.Most commonly affects the hips and on the same side as the spasticity.Prevalance=10-20%.An increase in spasticity and/or pain are signs of HO.
Question:
Cranial nerve dysfunction
anatomy see p. 169-170: swallowing
Answer:
dysphagia /swallowing disorders occur in 90% of individuals after TBI.Controlled by the Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, and Hypoglossal nerves
Question:
Ataxia
Answer:
lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movements that impacts walking, pick up objects.Can impact muscles critical in controlling posture and swallowing.Caused by injury to the cerebellum. 3 / 4
Question:
Vision issues p.173-74: 6
Answer:
TBI can impact acuity, smooth pursuits, impaired vergence (eyes in to see up close), visual field loss, photophobia (sensitivity to light), double vision, visual perception (unilateral neglect, right/left discrimination, anosognosia).
Question:
Apraxia: definition, 3 types
Answer:
The inability to perform purposive actions due to damage to certain areas of the brain.
Types:
1. ideomotor: cannot perform a task on command or imitate gestures
2. ideational: cannot perform tasks automatically and on command.
3. buccofacial: cannot perform purposeful movements of the lips, cheeks,
tongue, laryns and pharynx
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