CASAL 1 WGU D439 Fundamentals Latest Update 2024-2025 Actual Exam Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
A client diagnosed with anemia is receiving a blood transfusion. The client develops urticaria accompanied by wheezing and dyspnea not long after the transfusion starts.The nurse interprets this as indicative of: - CORRECT ANSWER: allergic reaction.
Explanation:
In a client with urticaria, the symptoms of severe allergic reaction are hives, wheezing, and dyspnea, which is due to an anaphylactic reaction. Minor adverse effects are called side effects. Many side effects are essentially harmless and can be ignored. Toxicity results from overdosage or buildup of medication in the blood due to impaired metabolism and excretion. Antagonism is a drug interaction by which drug effects decrease.
A client has been diagnosed with a gastrointestinal bleed and the health care provider has ordered a transfusion. At what rate should the nurse administer the client's packed red blood cells? - CORRECT ANSWER: 1 unit over 2 to 3 hours, no longer than 4 hours
Explanation:
Packed red blood cells are administered 1 unit over 2 to 3 hours for no longer than 4 hours.
A client is diagnosed with narcolepsy. What is a characteristic of this disorder? -
CORRECT ANSWER: uncontrollable desire to sleep
Explanation:
Narcolepsy is a condition characterized by an uncontrollable desire to sleep. Narcolepsy is considered a neurologic disorder. Restless sleep is a decrease in the amount or quality of sleep. Clients with insomnia not only have trouble falling asleep, but they also tend to have more awakenings throughout the night. Restless leg syndrome is a disorder characterized by an unpleasant tickling or twitching sensation in the leg muscles when sitting or lying down, which is relieved only by moving the legs.
A client reports postoperative pain of 9 on a scale of 10 and asks the nurse whether a shot or a pill will provide the fastest pain relief. Which is the best response from the nurse? - CORRECT ANSWER: Intravenous medication provides the fastest pain relief until you can take pills by mouth.
Explanation:
Injected medications, especially by the intravenous route, are usually absorbed more rapidly than oral medications. Oral medications have to combine with the liquid in the stomach then get absorbed into the blood and the rate of absorption from stomach to 1 / 2
blood is slower than through the intravenous route. Injectable medications are not only used for times when pain cannot be controlled so this would not accurately address the question. Oral pain medication does not take effect in the time amount of time as injectable medication, it is slower.
A client who has been taking no medications has just been diagnosed as having diabetes. The client is prescribed an injectable medication once a day and an oral medication twice a day for blood glucose control. What would the nurse teach the client about taking these medications? Select all that apply. - CORRECT ANSWER: Take the medications at the same time each day.
Do not abruptly stop the medication or alter the dosage.
The intended effects and adverse effects of the medications
The appropriate timing of the medications in relation to food
The nurse, when teaching a client about medications, would include in the instructions to take the medications at the same time each day, to not abruptly stop the medications or alter the dosage of the medications, and would teach about the intended/adverse effects of each medication. For diabetic medications, it is important for the nurse to teach the client when to take these medications in relation to ingestion of food. These medications would make the client's blood glucose drop to critically low levels if food is not also ingested. Medications should not be exposed to light. Medications should be kept in a cool, dry place. Light, temperature, and humidity can inactivate the medications.
A client who is taking an oral opioid for pain relief tells the nurse they are constipated.
What is this common response to opioids called? - CORRECT ANSWER: adverse
effect
Explanation:
Although therapeutic effect is the desired outcome of medication administration, sometimes adverse effects occur. Adverse effects (such as constipation from opioids) often are predictable and can usually be tolerated. Toxic effects (toxicities) are specific groups of symptoms related to drug therapy that carry risk for permanent damage or death. An idiosyncratic effect (sometimes called paradoxical effect) is any unusual or peculiar response to a drug that may manifest itself by over-response, under-response, or even the opposite of the expected response.
A client with dehydration is being administered IV fluids. During rounds, the nurse noticed that the skin immediately surrounding the IV site was reddish in color and showing signs of inflammation. The nurse recognizes that what phenomenon is likely
responsible? - CORRECT ANSWER: phlebitis
Explanation:
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