BIOS 255 Comprehensive Exam Review
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BIOS 255 Comprehensive Exam Review
- Homeostasis
Answer:
- Presence of stable internal environment
- Failure to maintain homeostasis leads to illness or death
- Homeostatic Regulation
Answer: Physiological adjustment to preserve homeostasis in variable environments
- Feedback
Answer: Stimulation of a receptor triggers response that changes environment at that receptor
- Negative Feedback
Answer:
- Effector opposes or negates the original stimulus
- Minimizes change
- Primary mechanism of homeostatic regulation in the body
- Dynamic process: Set point varies with varying environments & activity levels
- Negative Feedback Receptors
Answer: Temperature receptors in skin & brain are stimulated & send signals to the control center
- Negative Feedback Control Center
Answer: The temperature control center received information from the two sets of temperature receptors & sends commands to the effectors
- Negative Feedback Effectors
Answer: Sweat glands & smooth muscle in the walls of blood vessels supplying the skin respond
- Positive Feedback
Answer:
- Stimulus produces a response that exaggerates or enhances the original change (rather than
- Tends to produce extreme responses
- Does not restore homeostasis
opposing it)
- Positive Feedback Loop
Answer:
- Escalating cycle
- Typically occurs when a potentially dangerous or stressful process must be completed
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