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BIO 202 MIDTERM Exam at Grand Canyon University (GCU) includes accurate and verified questions covering anatomy and physiology of major body systems, including cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. It also emphasizes homeostasis, fluid and electrolyte balance, and system integration for advanced understanding.
The binding of a small number of hormones molecules to membrane receptors that will lead to the thousands of second messengers in a cell which will Magnifies effect of hormone cell is the process of ______? - ANSWER-Amplification
The term in relation to the decrease in number of hormone receptors? - ANSWER-Down Regulation
The term in relation to the increase in number of hormone receptors? - ANSWER-Up regulation
When levels of a particular hormone are high, cells become less sensitive and receptors are all filled up. Some receptors get broken down, Up or down regulation? - ANSWER-Down Regulation 1 / 4
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When levels of a particular hormone are low, cells become more sensitive and there are more receptors available, Down or Up regulation? - ANSWER-Up regulation
What is Gluconeogenesis? - ANSWER-The metabolic process of producing Glucose
Can intracellular receptors and hormones alter the rate of _____ transcription and (indirectly or directy pick one) _______ affect metabolic activity of a target cell? What two types or hormones does this include? - ANSWER-DNA, Directly, Steroids and thyroid homrones
Are steroids lipid soluble? - ANSWER-Yes
Steroids makes what for our body? - ANSWER-Proteins
What are the two types feedback control Endocrine reflexes? - ANSWER-Negative and Positive Feedback.
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What feedback of endocrine reflex is stimulated when the body wants to reduce the intensity of stimulus? - ANSWER-Negative Feedback
What feedback of the endocrine reflex is stimulated when the body wants to intensify the stimulus? - ANSWER-Postitive Feedback
What 3 stimuli can trigger an endocrine reflex? - ANSWER- Humoral, Hormonal, Neural stimuli
Changes in the composition of extracellular fluid, like changing the sodium levels, is called what stimuli? - ANSWER-Humoral Stimuli
The arrival or removal of a specific hormone, like changing the way the body acts, is called what stimuli? - ANSWER- Hormonal stimuli
The arrival of neurotransmitters at the neuroglandular junctions, which is a very fast stimuli, what is the name of this stimuli? - ANSWER-Neural stimuli
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What organ and hormone will increase Calcium levels in response to low calcium levels? - ANSWER-Parathyroid and Parathyroid hormone
What time of stimuli happens in response to low calcium levels?
- ANSWER-Humoral stimuli
What type of stimuli involves the Parasympathetic nervous system? - ANSWER-Neural stimuli
The hypothalamus secrets hormones that stimulate the anterior hypophysis which then stimulate other endocrine glands to secrete hormones. What type of stimuli is this - ANSWER- Hormonal stimuli
If You have low calcium levels in the body, which hormone is released? - ANSWER-Parathyroid Hormone
If you have "high" calcium levels in the body, which hormone will "decrease" these levels that is produced by the Thyroid? - ANSWER-Calcitonin
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