Bio 101 Module 5 Exam Questions and Correct Answers Score 100% A mutant allele can cause genetic disease because - Correct Answera mutant allele is a blotched recipe for a protein; a protein gets made but it is not the right one and so it can't perform its function an an enzyme properly
A mutation in which of the following genes is worse? - Correct Answerregulatory gene
A mutation in which the following can be passed on to offspring - Correct Answera germ cell
A small drop of blood is found at a crime scene. There is not enough DNA in the blood to do an analysis. How can the amount of DNA be increased? - Correct AnswerPCR
Although the Y chromosome in humCorrect Answerhas few genes, there is one gene that it does have that is very important. What is it? - Correct Answerthe male- determining factor gene
Are most mutations dominant or recessive? - Correct Answerrecessive
Assume the gene for flower color (possible alleles: R,r) is on the SAME chromosome as the gene for plant height (possible alleles: T,t). A TTRR plant is crossed with a ttrr plant to produce a TtRr plant. What kinds of gametes will this TtRr plant make if there is NO CROSSING OVER when it does meiosis? - Correct AnswerIf we were to look at the chromosomes for the TtRr plant we would find that one chromosome had TR and the homologous chromosome tr. If there is no crossing over then chromosomes remain intact when they go into gametes. So some gametes will get the chromosome with TR and some will get the chromosome with tr.
At the cellular level, a gene as instructions for making - Correct Answera particular protein
At the DNA level, what is the simplest mutation that can occur and how has the DNA changed? - Correct Answerpoint mutation, one nucleotide or base is changed to another
Chances of a women having a child with Down syndrome is highest for women.. - Correct Answer40-50 years old.
Chromosomes other than sex chromosomes are called - Correct Answerautosomes
DNA from 2 individuals can be compared by cutting their DNA into fragments, then sorting the fragments by size. The process that sorts the fragments is called - Correct Answerelectrophoresis
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DNA polymerase is responsible for - Correct Answerconstructing a new strand during DNA replication
DNA replication occurs before the process of _______ in somatic cells and the process of ________ in germ cells. - Correct Answermitosis, meiosis
Down syndrome is caused by what chromosome problem? - Correct Answeran extra copy of a chromosome
For an autosomal dominant, genetic disease, if a normal man marries an affected woman, what proportion of their children would be expected to have the disease? - Correct Answer1/2
For an autosomal recessive genetic disease how many copies of the bad allele do you have to have to express the disease? - Correct Answertwo
For the TtRr plant from the previous question, if there is crossing over in meiosis, what kinds of gametes will it produce? - Correct AnswerNow it is possible to get all combinations of gametes because T can now be separated from R and t can be separated from r. So we get TR, Tr, tR, tr.
For the TtRr plant from the previous question, if there is crossing over, what types of gametes will be the most commonly produced? - Correct AnswerBecause crossing over doesn't happen between the flower color gene and the plant height gene every time, we will tend to get more of the non-crossover gametes, TR and tr, than the crossover gametes, Tr and tR. This depends on how close the 2 genes are to each other. The farther apart they are the more likely that a crossover event will occur between them, producing more crossover gametes.
Give an example of a transgenic organism - Correct AnswerBt corn (corn with a gene from bacterium), RoundUp Ready soybeans
Give an example of genetic engineering where one species makes a gene product of a second species - Correct Answerbacteria have been made to produce human gene products such as insulin and blood clotting factor, goats have been made that produce human milk proteins
How can a person who is a carrier for a particular genetic disease be detected? - Correct AnswerLooking at chromosomes will not help, you need to look at the gene product. For some genetic diseases the gene has been located and so you can check the DNA to see if one copy is bad. For most genetic diseases the gene has not been located so you look at the gene product. A person who is a carrier of the genetic disease has one allele that makes the right protein and a second allele that makes the wrong protein. So you can look for the presence of the wrong protein to tell if the person is a carrier.
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