APES Semester 1 Exam Unit 1, 2, 3, 4

APES Semester 1 Exam (Unit 1, 2, 3, 4) with complete solution

• Circle the letter next to following statements regarding species interdependence if it is

true?

• As association of two species where one benefits and the other is unaffected is called

mutualism.

• An interspecific competition where both partners derive benefits from each other is

called commensalism.

• A relationship between two species of organisms where both partners are benefitted

from each other is called mutualism.

• A direct food relationship between two species of animals in which one animal kills

and feeds on another is known as predation. Ans - D

• The most likely reason for loss of biodiversity is
• over-exploitation
• habitat destruction
• introduction of invasive species
• global warming Ans - B
• The percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere is
• 79%
• 55%
• 30%
• 21% Ans - D
• In general, which of the following is the best long-term method of preventing

extinctions?

• Paying people not to kill endangered species
• Removing predators from areas that contain endangered species
• Protecting the habitats of endangered species
• Breeding endangered species in captivity Ans - C
• Which of the following is most likely the primary cause of high death rates in phase

I?

• Loss of breeding-age males due to warfare. b. Infant and childhood mortality c.

General starvation due to famine d. Lose of breeding-age females due to disease. Ans

• B
• The ultimate source of energy for terrestrial organisms in
• the Sun b. producers c. nutrients in vegetation d. nutrients in soil Ans - A
• Coyotes being active during dusk while wolfs are active at night is an example of 1 / 3

• temporal resource partitioning b. spatial resource partitioning c. morphological

resource partitioning d. competition Ans - A

• A black gamma grass plant with roots that reach only 1 meter into the soil lives next

to a tarbush plant whose roots reach 3 meters into the soil. This is an example of

• competition b. spatial resource partitioning c. temporal resource partitioning d.

morphological resource partitioning Ans - B

• Coniferous (cone-bearing) trees are characteristic of
• tundra b. temperate forest c. desert d. taiga Ans - D
• Oregon, Washington State, and northern California all belong to which biome?
• temperate rain forest b. taiga c. chapparal d. tundra Ans - A
• Which freshwater biomes are known for filtering pollutants?
• Riversb. Oceansc. Wetlandsd. Lakes and ponds Ans - C
• Which aquatic biomes are known for having periods of exposure during low tides

and submergement during high tides?

• Ponds b. Oceans c. Lakes and rivers d. Intertidal Zones Ans - D
• Which process is the conversion of nitrogen gas into a solid like ammonium?
• ammonification b. nitrogen fixation c. assimilation d. nitrification Ans - B
• What is the term for the transport of dissolved particle in soil via groundwater?
• aeration b. evaporation c. condensation d. leeching Ans - D
• Which of the following processes in the hydrologic cycle is prevented by paved

roads and parking lots?

• Precipitation b. Percolation c. Evaporation d. Transpiration Ans - B

Exemplified by ticks feeding on a deer Ans - parasitism Exemplified by bees consuming nectar and carrying pollen from one flower to another Ans - Mutualism Exemplified by moss growing on a tree trunk in a forest Ans - Commensalism Exemplified by a wasp laying its eggs inside a living host Ans - Parasitoid Carbon Cycle Steps Ans - photosynthesis, respiration, exchange, sedimentation and burial, extraction, and combustion nitrogen cycle steps Ans - nitrogen fixation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification 2 / 3

nitrogen fixation Ans - Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia ammonification Ans - decomposers convert organic waste into ammonia Nitrification Ans - ammonia is converted to nitrate ions (NO3-).Dentrification Ans - Conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas

• About how many known species have been identified?

a.

• million

c.

• million

b.

• million

d.

• million Ans - B
• About how many species are estimated to be living on Earth?

a.between 10,000 and 100,000 c.between 1 and 2 million b.between 500,000 and 1 million d.between 10 and 50 million Ans - C

• Which of the following represents the background extinction rate?

a.

• species per year

c.20 species per year b.10 species per year d.100 species per year Ans - A

• High resistance is typically associated with which of the following?

a.genetic diversity c.ecosystem diversity b.species diversity

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