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ANTHRCUL 101 UMICH E XAM 1
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Question: four fields of anthropology
CORRECT ANSWER : -sociocultural
-archaeology -biological -linguistic
Question: sociocultural anthropology
CORRECT ANSWER : -study of human society and
culture -cultural similarities and differences -based on ethnography (long term field work in one community, participant observation)
Question: archaeological anthropology
CORRECT ANSWER : -reconstructs, describes,
interprets human behavior, history, patterns through material remains
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-excavation is a key method -inference; human behavior reflected in material culture
Question: biological anthropology
CORRECT ANSWER : -examines human diversity over
time and space -human evolution through fossil record, human genetics, human growth and development, biological plasticity (how our body changes in response to environmental stresses), non-human primates evolution and behavior
Question: linguistic anthropology
CORRECT ANSWER : -language in social and cultural
contexts across time and space (history, use, evolution) -sociolinguistics- social and linguistics variation (gender, SES), etc.
Question: origins of north american anthropology
CORRECT ANSWER : -attempts to understand native
north americans
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-19th century
Question: ethnography
CORRECT ANSWER : -long term field work in one
community -participant observation -immersion into local culture
Question: rapport
CORRECT ANSWER : -friendly working relationship
with people -good ethnography requires this -time, sensitivity, self-awareness -long term investment -get "close"
Question: malinowski
CORRECT ANSWER : -functionalism
-emphasized importance in ethnographic fieldwork
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Question: oldowan tools
CORRECT ANSWER : -world's oldest formally
recognized stone tools -flakes and cores (rocks from where flakes are struck) -chopper is tool made from core -simple reduction technology, but key innovation -flakes most common tool, choppers by-products -breaking, bashing, dismembering -A. garhi 2.6a mya Ethiopia, think they were tool-making ancestor, pre-homo, signals dietary shift -major cultural innovation that homo erectus expand upon -by 1 mya all others extinct, homo erectus with tools and culture takes over
Question: acheulean tools
CORRECT ANSWER : -hand axes were common in this
tool kit -used from homo erectus through homo sapiens