HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology
What is histology?(Ans- The study of tissues
What is a tissue?(Ans- A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues?(Ans- Epithelial Connective Muscle Nerve
What is the function of epithelial cells?(Ans- Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue?(Ans- Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to organs.
What is neuroglia?(Ans- The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have?(Ans- Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as?(Ans- Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis?(Ans- The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.
- / 3
What two layers compose the skin?(Ans- Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis?(Ans- The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.
What is the dermis?(Ans- The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis?(Ans- Corneum Lucidum Granulosum Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against?(Ans- Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of?(Ans- Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands?(Ans- ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce?(Ans- Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce?(Ans- Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that produces body odor.
- / 3
What do sebaceous glands secrete?(Ans- They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates the skin and prevents drying.
What secretion produces oil?(Ans- Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence?(Ans- Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin?(Ans- Keratin
What makes the body's framework?(Ans- Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system?(Ans- Support, movement, blood cell formation, protection of internal organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage.
How are bones classified?(Ans- By shape.Long Short flat irregular sesamoid
What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone?(Ans- Osteoblasts
- / 3