Advanced Pathophysiology UTMB 5355 EXAM 2 Latest Update 2024 Questions and Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed Success
2 types of Hemolytic Anemias - CORRECT ANSWER: Congenital or Acquired
4 functions of TNF - CORRECT ANSWER: 1)cell survival
2)cell proliferation 3) cell differentiation 4)cell death
Acquired hemolytic anemias - CORRECT ANSWER: autoimmune destruction of RBCs
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) - CORRECT ANSWER: hepatic, germ cell CA
Anemia of Chronic disease results from - CORRECT ANSWER: decreased
erythropoiesis in the setting of chronic inflammation (auttoimmune, infections or neoplasms).
angiogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER: growth of new vessels; feed tumor
antioncogenes - CORRECT ANSWER: inhibit tumor progression & prevent mutations
Aplastic Anemia is characterized by - CORRECT ANSWER: hematopoietic failure,
pancytopenia
benign - CORRECT ANSWER: slow growth, non-invasive, does not metastisize
BRCA 1 & BRCA 2 Mutated Function - CORRECT ANSWER: allow abnormal cell
growth to occur because there is a loss of proteins that keep growth in check
BRCA 1 & BRCA 2 Normal Function - CORRECT ANSWER: produce proteins that
prevent abnormal cell growth under normal function
Breast cancer risk factors: - CORRECT ANSWER: female > 50 female <45
- or more familial relatives
hx of benign breast biopsy estrogen exposure late first birth nulliparous
CA therapy in relation to TNF - CORRECT ANSWER: Modulation of TNF/receptors
CA-125 - CORRECT ANSWER: ovarian cancer 1 / 2
CA19-9 - CORRECT ANSWER: pancreatic cancer
Cancer develops with increase in - and decrease in - - CORRECT ANSWER:
oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes
Caretaker - CORRECT ANSWER: suppress gene mutations, repair DNA, if not
functioning correctly mutation can occur
Causes of aplastic anemia include: - CORRECT ANSWER: toxic exposures, viral infections, inherited diseases (fanconi anemia) and idiopathic cases which account for most cases (autoimmune)
CEA - CORRECT ANSWER: colon cancer
characteristics of prostate cancer - CORRECT ANSWER: most common cancer in men
over 55
chromic - CORRECT ANSWER: refers to Hgb content
Chronic Hepatitis can cause - CORRECT ANSWER: liver cancer
Classification of anemias is usually based on underlying mechanisms of - CORRECT
ANSWER: RBC morphology (size, shape, Hgb content)
clinical manifestations of breast cancer - CORRECT ANSWER: pain, dimpling, nipple retraction, pitting, discharge, ulceration, bleeding, red, tender, dilated blood vessels, edema to arm
colon cancer risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER: high fat diet, >50 years old, genetics, GI disease
colon cancer usually progresses from - to - - CORRECT ANSWER: adenoma,
carcinoma over 5-10 years
Congenital hemolytic anemias - CORRECT ANSWER: defects in RBCs, enzymatic
pathways or hemoglobin synthesis or structure
cytic - CORRECT ANSWER: refers to size of RBC
Ductal Carcinoma in situ - CORRECT ANSWER: develops in the duct and appears as
calcification or white flecks on mammogram
Environmental factors that interfere with Intrinsic factor or absorption of B 12 include: -
CORRECT ANSWER: gastric surgery, malabsorption syndromes
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