Portage Microbiology Lecture Exam 1 Complete the following DNA strand, and indicate how many bonds are formed for
each complementary pair:
3' GGTCATCG 5'5' CC AGC 3' - ANSWER 5' CCAGTAGC 3'
There are two hydrogen bonds between thymine and adenine.There are three hydrogen bonds between cytosine and guanine.In the strand above, there are eight complementary pairs.How many amino acids are classified as being essential amino acids? -
ANSWER 9
True or False: The smallest biological unit of life is the molecule. - ANSWER False True or False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained within a membrane-enclosed region. - ANSWER False What are the four main types of macromolecules found in cells? - ANSWER Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids and Polysaccharides
True or False: A virus is considered a microorganism - ANSWER
False 1 / 2
Describe the 4 basic bacterial morphologies. - ANSWER 1.
Coccus: bacteria is round or spherical
2. Bacillus: bacteria is a rod shape
3. Vibrio: bacteria is a curved rod shape
4. Spirillum: bacteria is in a spiral or corkscrew shape
True or False: Archaea, a eukaryotic class of microorganisms, is noted for its
ability to survive under harsh conditions - ANSWER False. They are prokaryotic.Where can the two major types of nucleic acids be found in the cell and what are their roles? - ANSWER DNA and RNA; DNA houses hereditary information and determines the inherited traits of a living organism.RNA is the hereditary information of some microbes, like some viruses. In organisms wherein DNA is the hereditary material, the function of RNA is to interpret the hereditary information found in DNA and ue that information to help produce proteins.What are the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles? - ANSWER
There are two major types of nucleic acids: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and
RNA (ribonucleic acid). Nucleic acids are chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell. DNA contains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms. RNA is responsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins.
The plasma membrane (select all that are true):
- Only restricts movement of materials into the cell
- Is often a bilayer comprised of lipids
- Cannot prevent essential nutrients from escaping
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