2025-2026 NURS 618 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2| ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED A+
An older adult woman with a long history of COPD is admitted with progressive shortness of breath and a constant cough. she is anxious and is complaining of a dry mouth. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- Administer a prescribed sedative
- Apply a high flow venturi mask
- Assist her to an upright position
- Encourage client to drink water
- Assist her to an upright position
A client with history of asthma and bronchitis arrives at the clinic with shortness of breath, productive cough with thickened, tenacious mucus, and the inability to walk up a flight of stairs without experiencing breathlessness.What action is most important for the nurse to instruct the client about self-care?
- Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions
- Avoid crowded enclosed areas to reduce pathogen exposure
- Teach anxiety reduction methods for feelings of suffocation
- Call the clinic if undesirable side effects of medications occur
- Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions
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A client who is newly diagnosed with emphysema is being discharged. What instruction is best for the nurse to provide to assist the client in self- management of dyspnea?
- Use a humidifier to increase home air quality humidity between 30% to 50%
- Practice inhaling through the mouth and exhaling slowly through pursed lips
- Strengthen abdominal muscles by alternating leg raises during exhalation
- Allow additional time to complete physical activities to reduce oxygen demand
- Allow additional time to complete physical activities to reduce oxygen
demand
The nurse is caring for a client with cor-pulmonale. The nurse should monitor the client for which expected finding.
- Ascites and hepatomegaly
- Elevated temperature and respiratory rate
- Complaints of chest pain and confusion
- Clubbing of the fingers and cyanosis of mucous membrane
- Ascites and hepatomegaly
The nurse teaches pursed lip breathing to a client who is newly diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse reinforces that this technique will assist respiration by which mechanism?
- promoting maximal inhalation 2 / 3
- increasing the respiratory rate and giving the client control of respiratory
- loosening secretions so that they may be coughed up more easily
- preventing bronchial collapse and air trapping in the lungs during exhalation
- preventing bronchial collapse and air trapping in the lungs during exhalation
patterns
The nurse is caring for a client who underwent rhinoplasty and monitoring for signs of postoperative bleeding. Which of the following should the nurse do first to detect
signs of postoperative bleeding:
- Assess the oropharynx for excessive swallowing, which may indicate bleeding &
- Check CBC
- Check the vital sings
- Teach the client to sleep on one pillow and check the SpO2
- Assess the oropharynx for excessive swallowing, which may indicate bleeding &
draining into oropharynx
draining into oropharynx
The nurse is caring for the client diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia. When developing a plan of care for the client, which action should the nurse do first?
- provide for adequate rest period
- teach slow abdominal breathing
- assess respiratory rate and depth
- administer oxygen as prescribed
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