2024 VTNE Study Guide ( Version 3 ) New Q&A in Study Guide - A++ Guaranteed!
- How does Atropine work?
Answer: Atropine works by blocking parasympathetic actions
- Oviducts
Answer: Oviducts is another name for Fallopian tubes or uterine tubes
- What is the dental formula for a cat ?
Answer: Cats have 3 incisors, 1 canine, 3 premolars, and 1 molar on one side of the upper jaw and 3 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, and 1 molar on one side of the
lower jaw so the dental formula for the cat is:
- (I 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/2 M 1/1)= 30 permanent teeth
Dogs have 42 teeth, so their dental formula is : 2 (I 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 2/3)= 42
- What causes cutaneous Larval migration in humans ?
Answer: The correct answer is Ancylostoma (hookworms)
- What three parts make up the uveal tract in the eye?
Answer: The uvea is made up of the iris, choroid, and ciliary body. It is the middle layer of the eye. The uvea provides most of the blood supply to the retina. Uveitis is inflammation of this part of the eye.
- A Cavalier King Charles Spaniel presents to your clinic with a history of chronic
otitis externa. You perform an ear cytology showing large numbers of Malassezia.Which of the following types of organisms is this?
Answer: Malassezia pachydermitis is a yeast/fungus very common in skin and ear
infections. It resembles a bowling pin under the microscope.
- A surgeon is asking for any non-absorbable suture to close a skin defect. Which
of the following sutures would NOT be appropriate for you to give the surgeon?
Answer: Polydioxanone is the real name for PDS. This suture is a monofilament
absorbable suture which lasts approximately 180 days before being completely broken down. Silk, polypropylene, and nylon are all considered non-absorbable.Polypropylene and nylon are synthetic. Most people know polypropylene as Prolene and nylon as Ethilon; these are their trade names.
- In which situation would perioperative antibiotics be strongly indicated?
Answer: -arthroscopy 1 / 4
- When placing craniocaudal radiographs of the stifle joint on a viewer for a
veterinarian to evaluate, how should the film be oriented?Answer: It is proper to place a craniocaudal radiograph of the stifle such that the lateral side of the right limb is to the viewer's left and lateral side of the left limb is to the viewer's right.
(For a lateral radiograph, the cranial or dorsal side of the limb should be to the left and the proximal aspect should be toward the top of the viewbox).
- Gout is an accumulation of which of the following?
Answer: Gout occurs when uric acid accumulates, usually due to poor nitrogen
metabolism and excretion.
- A bitch with a swollen vulva and bloody vulvar discharge that attracts but will
not accept a male is likely in which stage of the estrous cycle?
Answer: Proestrus
- How many cervical vertebrae do cows have?
Answer: Cows as well as dogs, sheep, pigs, cats, goats, horses and humans have 7 cervical vertebrae.
- What is another common name for herpes infection in psittacine birds?
Answer: -Pacheco's disease is a highly fatal and contagious virus of psittacine birds.
(Pacheco's disease is generally considered untreatable because of its acute onset and rapid mortality. Antiviral drugs such as acyclovir may be of benefit to suppress the virus).
- Which of these sedative/anesthetic drugs does not have an antagonist?
Answer: -Propofol
- You have been working in the barn with baby calves that have been having severe
diarrhea. You now are having a severe watery diarrhea. Which parasite would be most likely for you to have contracted from these calves?
Answer: Cryptosporidium parvum
- Which ICU patient on fluids needs to be watched closely for jugular distention?
Answer: A patient with a heart murmur
(A patient with underlying cardiac disease is at the highest risk of pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs) from fluid overload. An indication of possible fluid overload is jugular distention). 2 / 4
- For a veterinary X-ray technician, what is the maximum permissible dose of
radiation they can receive in one year?
Answer: 50 mSv
- The elbow is extended by which muscle?
Answer: The triceps extends the elbow.
(The biceps supinates the forelimb and flexes the elbow).
- What is the most likely period of time for a scrotal hernia to occur in a stallion?
Answer: Shortly after breeding
- In which situation would perioperative antibiotics NOT be indicated?
Answer: An excisional biopsy of a 2cm mass
- A dog has recently obtained a fresh superficial linear wound after lacerating its
flank on a fence. Within what time period can this wound be optimally repaired by primary closure?
Answer: 8 Hours
- What is the name for the blood pressure measurement when the ventricles of the
heart are relaxed?Answer: Diastolic pressure (DP) is the minimum arterial pressure during relaxation and dilation of the ventricles, which represents the pressure when the heart is resting.
- How often should an IV peripheral vein catheter be replaced as a standard?
Answer: It is recommended to replace a peripheral catheter every 72 hours (3 days).
- The Greyhound is an example of which of the following breeds?
Answer: The Greyhound is a classic example of a dolichocephalic breed.
- In order for oxygen to diffuse from the alveoli into the capillaries, the partial
pressure of the oxygen in the alveoli in the lungs must be:
Answer: Partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is ~100mmHg, and is ~45mmHg in the capillaries. Gas diffuses from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
- Which area of the horse is generally referred to as the withers?
Answer: The withers is the ridge between the shoulder blades. It is the standard place to measure the height of a horse. It is formed by the dorsal spinal processes around the third to eleventh thoracic vertebrae. 3 / 4
- A horse with extended forelimbs and arched and tense back that is painful when
turning most likely has which of the following conditions?Answer: Laminitis, also known as founder, is a very painful condition in which the lamina in the hoof becomes inflamed. The horse tries to compensate for this pain and postures with an arched back and extended forelimbs in an attempt to take weight off the toes. It is especially painful for the horse when walking or turning on hard surfaces.
- What is true regarding chelonians?
Answer: They don't have a Diaphragm
- A dog is having his teeth cleaned and has a discolored upper right third
premolar. The doctor would like you to take an x-ray of this tooth. Which patient position would make the radiograph easiest to take?
Answer: Sternal recumbency
(Sternal recumbency is best for the maxilla (upper jaws). Dorsal recumbency is easiest for the anterior mandible. Lateral is best for the premolars and molars of the mandible).
- The vomeronasal organ is closely associated with which sense?
Answer: smell
- Determination of adequate passive transfer of maternal antibodies (IgG) to a
neonatal foal is typically performed at what age?
Answer: 18-24 hours of age
Newborn foals are immunocompetent but have few antibodies in their body when they are born; thus, they rely on acquiring antibodies from their dam's colostrum. In the foal, the IgG should be checked around 18-24 hours of age to allow for the foal to absorb the maternal antibodies that are consumed. The foal's gut "closes" or loses its ability to absorb colostral antibodies around 18 hours of age.
- Telazol is commonly used in veterinary anesthetic immobilizations. Telazol is a
combination of which two drugs?
Answer: Teletamine and zolazepam
Telazol is an injectable anesthetic/tranquilizer used for restraint or anesthesia. It is a controlled substance made of teletamine and zolazepam. Teletamine is a classified as a dissociative while zolazepam is a benzodiazepine.
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