2024 VTNE Exam Prep Surgical Nursing Part 1 New Full Questions and Answers ( Included ) 100% Correct
- A very young puppy presents with a history of milk coming from his nose and seems to cough and
gurgle when he eats. What deformity commonly results in this presentation?Persistent right aortic arch Occluded sinus Esophageal stricture Cleft palate
Stenotic nares Answer: A common presentation for cleft palate is milk coming from a puppy's (or kitten's) nose after or during eating.
It is a defect that affects the upper lip and/or the roof of the mouth. Cleft palate can involve only the soft tissue in the back of the mouth (soft palate) or extend forward through the front of the mouth (hard palate). If there is a hole in the roof of the mouth, milk can travel out the nose while the puppy is drinking.
- What is a sarcolemma?
A contractile cell in the muscle
Connective tissue putting muscle fibers into groups The cell membrane which encloses a muscle fiber A calcium storage unit in the muscle Answer: A sarcolemma is a thin membrane enclosing a striated muscle fiber, or simply the cell wall of a muscle cell.
A sarcomere is the contractile unit of a myofibril, or muscle cell. Sarcomeres are repeating units and are located between Z lines of the muscle cells.
Perimysium is connective tissue that groups individual muscle fibers into bunches or groups.
- Which vessel transports blood from the intestines to the liver?
Renal artery 1 / 4
Hepatic duct Vena cava Portal vein Answer: Explanation - The portal vein is responsible for transporting the nutrient-dense blood from the intestines to the liver.
- You have assisted with multiple biopsies on a pet. You are asked to package up the samples for
submission. You have taken several samples including GI tract, liver, and skin. What is the best way to package these?
In formalin with a 10:1 ratio of formalin to tissue
In isopropyl alcohol enough to cover over the tissue
In 0.9% saline with a 5:1 ration of saline to tissue
In a sterile container with no additives Answer: Formalin is used to preserve the integrity of the cells for biopsy. A 10:1 ratio of formalin to tissue is recommended.
- Why is nitrous oxide contraindicated in gastrointestinal surgeries?
Causes hypersegmentation of the bowel Causes vomiting Longer recovery due to delayed GI emptying Causes flatulence Causes nitrous build up in the GI tract Answer: Nitrous oxide moves into closed gas spaces such as the intestines. As such, its use is contraindicated in bowel surgeries.
You should also be aware that nitrous oxide decreases fractional inspired oxygen levels, although this can be managed and monitored in most instances. Nitrous oxide is also contraindicated when pathology such as pulmonary bullae are present.
- Chronic exposure to which hormone leads to a pyometra?
Testosterone 2 / 4
Luteinizing hormone
Progesterone
Estrogen Answer: Pyometra is often related to increased progesterone levels and their effect on the lining of the uterus.
Prolonged exposure to estrogen can cause bone marrow suppression.
- A client presents with her 8-week old puppy. She wants to know when she can be spayed. What is the
ideal recommended age for spays and neuters?
5-6 months
The younger the better, as young as 2 weeks 8-10 months 10-12 weeks Answer: The ideal age for this procedure is 5-6 months of age. This helps to decrease the anesthetic risk that may occur in younger animals but allows for the procedure before the first heat cycle. The first heat cycle typically occurs around 6-8 months of age.
Most shelter facilities conduct the procedure earlier so that the pets may be adopted.
- A purse-string suture would be been placed for which of the following surgeries?
Enterotomy Enucleation Perianal mass excision
Cystotomy Answer: A purse-string suture is a surgical suture passed as a running stitch in and out along the edge of a circular region (as seen with the anus), so that when the ends of the suture are drawn tight the region is closed like a purse.
This is often done around the anus prior to initiating surgery to prevent fecal contamination within your surgical site.
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- The retina is innervated by which cranial nerve?
Cranial Nerve III Cranial Nerve VI Cranial Nerve IV Cranial Nerve II Cranial Nerve I Answer: The optic nerve (II) provides the sensory input to the brain to produce visual images. CN I is the olfactory nerve, CN III is the oculomotor nerve, CN IV is the trochlear nerve, and CN VI is the abducens nerve.
- In a horse, what is the most common surgical approach to the abdominal cavity?
Parasaggital incision Transverse incision Ventral midline incision Flank incision Answer: Similar to small animals, the most common approach performed is a ventral midline incision.This provides excellent exposure of abdominal organs.A flank incision may be preferred in special circumstances but is not performed as routinely. A parasaggital incision is not ideal as it results in trauma to the abdominal musculature. A transverse incision would not provide good visualization as compared to a ventral midline incision.
- A client has called your hospital to schedule a castration to be performed on her rabbit. The owner
says she remembers that she had to fast her dog when he got neutered and asks if she should do the same for the rabbit. What is the correct response?
The rabbit should be fasted for 12 hours prior to being dropped off at the hospital.
The rabbit should be fasted for 6 hours prior to being dropped off at the hospital.
The rabbit should fasted for 24 hours prior to being dropped off at the hospital.
The rabbit should not be fasted.Answer: Small rodents and rabbits do not vomit, therefore, there is generally no reason to withhold food or water prior to anesthesia. Withholding food from rabbits can trigger digestive disturbances that can be fatal.
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