2024 NSCA CSCS Exam ( Version 6 ) New Full Exam Questions and Answers ( Included ) 100% Correct
- Skeletal System Composition
Answer: 206 Bones in adult body provides leverage, support, and protection
Pulled on by muscles to allow the body to push or pull against external objects
- Axial Skeleton
Answer: Skull, Vertebral Column, Ribs and Sternum
- Appendicular Skeleton
Answer: Shoulder Girdle; bones of arms, wrists, hands, and pelvic girdle; bones of legs, ankles, and feet
- Joints
Answer: Junctions of bones
- Fibrous Joint
Answer: Allows virtually no movement (Sutures of skull)
- Cartilaginous Joint
Answer: Allows limited movement (intervetebral)
- Synovial Joint
Answer: Allows considerable movement (elbows/knees)
- Uniaxial
Answer: Hinge, rotate around one axis (elbow)
- Biaxial
Answer: Operate in two perpendicular planes (ankle/wrist)
- Multiaxial
Answer: Allow movement in all three axes (shoulder/hip)
- Vertebral Column
Answer: Cervical 7 (lordotic curve) Thoracic 12 (Kyphotic curve)
Lumbar 5 (Lordotic) Sacral 5 ( Kyphotic) Coccygeal 3-5 1 / 3
Curves help to distribute forces
- Muscle Tissue
Answer: Epimysium (outer layer) Perimysium (surrounding group of
fibers/fascicules) Endomysium (surrounding individual fibers)
- Fascia
Answer: Delicate "cobwebby" tissue
- Motor Unit
Answer: Motor Neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates
Typically several hundred muscle fibers in a single motor unit
- Sarcolemma
Answer: The plasma membrane of a cell
- Transverse Tubules
Answer: Connect to plasma membrane to interior Action potentials travel through
Ensures AP excites all parts of the muscle fiber at the same time
- Sarcoplasm (muscle cytoplasm)
Answer: Glycogen, myoglobin, mitochondrion
- Myofibrils
Answer: Contractile organelles Extend length of muscle fiber
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Answer:
Membranous sacs around each myofibril Stores Calcium ions (Ca2+) Release of Ca2+ triggers muscle contraction
- Filaments
Answer:
Function in the contractile process Thick and thin filaments 2 / 3
- thin for every 1 thick
- Sarcomere
Answer:
Compartments of arranged filaments Basic functional unit of a myofibril
- Troponin & Tropomyosin
Answer: Regulating proteins that cover binding sites
- Skeletal Muscle Striated appearance
Answer: Arrangement of Actin (thin) and Myosin (thick)
- Sliding-Filament Theory of Muscular Contraction
Answer: Actin filament at each end of the sarcomere slide inward on the myosin
filaments, pulling the Z-discs towards the M-line/center of the sarcomere (shortening the muscle fiber)
- Sliding-Filament phases
Answer:
Resting Phase Excitation-contraction coupling phase Contraction phase Recharge phase Relaxation phase -70 resting, -55 threshold
- Maximal Contraction of Myofibril
Answer: Low force potential due to reduced cross- bridge-actin alignment
- Muscle Action Potential
Answer:
Release acetylcholine Activation of ACh receptors Production of muscle action potential Termination of ACh activity (rapidly broken down by AChE)
- Excitation-Contraction Coupling
Answer:
Increase in Ca2+ concentration in the muscle starts contraction Decrease in Ca2+ stops it
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