2024 CTR Exam Prep 1 Latest Questions With Complete Grade A Answers
- Aspiration
Answer: refers to the removal of a sample of fluid and cells through a needle
- Fine needle aspiration
Answer: refers to the use of a slender needle to remove fluid from a cyst or clusters of cells from a solid lump.
- Biopsy
Answer: refers to the removal of a sample of tissue for purposes of diagnosis
- Core needle biopsy
Answer: refers to the use of a small cutting needle to remove a core of tissue for microscopic examination
- Allogeneic bone marrow transplant
Answer: procedure involving an infusion of bone marrow or stem cells from a donor that are given to the patient after they have received high-dose chemotherapy
- Autologous bone marrow transplant
Answer: procedure in which a patient's own bone marrow or stem cells are given to them after they have received high-dose chemotherapy
- Autologous stem cell transplantation
Answer: procedure in which blood-forming stem cells are removed, stored, and later given back to the same person
- Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT)
Answer: form of radiation therapy in which a substance that contains boron is
injected into a blood vessel. The boron collects in the tumor cells. The patient then receives radiation therapy with atomic particles called neutrons. the neutrons react with the boron to kill the tumor cells without harming normal cells.
- Radioembolization
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Answer: form of radiation therapy that involves the use of tiny beads that hold the radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y 90) which are injected into an artery. The beads collect in the tumor and the yttrium 90 (Y 90) gives off radiation. This destroys the blood vessel that the tumor needs to grow and kills the cancer cells.
- Radioimmunotherapy
Answer: form of radiation therapy in which the radioactive sub- stance is linked to an antibody that locates and kills tumor cells when injected into the body.
- Chemoembolization (also referred to as TACE and transarterial
chemoembolization)
Answer: procedure in which the blood supply to a tumor is blocked after anti-
cancer drugs are given in blood vessels near the tumor
- Percutaneous biopsy
Answer: procedure in which tissue is obtained by puncture of a tumor, the tissue within the lumen of the needle being detached by rotation, and the needle withdrawn. This procedure is also called a needle biopsy. The radiologist uses an ultrasound machine or the CT scanner, but not a computer to decide on the most suitable point for inserting the biopsy needle to obtain tissue.
- Cone biopsy
Answer: procedure in which an inverted funnel shaped area of tissue is excised, as from the uterine cervix
- Excisional biopsy
Answer: refers to removing the entire tumor lesion for diagnosis
- Bolus
Answer: a large dose of a substance given by injection for the purpose of rapidly achieving the needed therapeutic concentration in the bloodstream
- Boost
Answer: an extra dose of radiation given to a specific area of the body
- Infusion
Answer: the introduction of a substance (e.g., drug, fluid, electrolyte) intersti tially or directly into a vein by means of gravity flow
- Frozen section
Answer: a sliver of frozen biopsy tissue that provides a quick preliminary diagnosis, but is not 100 percent reliable
- Permanent section
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Answer: biopsy tissue specially prepared and mounted on slides so that it can be examined under a microscope by a pathologist