Week 1 - BIOS 242 UPDATED VERSION 2023 -
2024 136 QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED
ACCURATE ANSWERS GUARANTEED A+ AT
FIRST ATTEMPT
active transport - Correct Answer: cell expends energy in the form of ATP to move a substance against ints electrochemical gradient
algae - Correct Answer: can be unicellular or multicellular, photosynthetic, simple reproductive structures, and categorized based on pigmentation and composition of cell wall
amphitrichous - Correct Answer: single flagella at both poles of the cell
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek - Correct Answer: father of microbiology
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek - Correct Answer: he began making and using simple
microscopes, and often made a new microscope for each specimen
archaea - Correct Answer: lake true peptidoglycan, cell membrane has branched
hydrocarbon chains, reproduce by binary fission, budding or fragmentation, not known to cause disease
archaea cell walls - Correct Answer: do not have peptidoglycan and contain a variety of specialized polysaccharides and proteins
Aristotle - Correct Answer: who first proposed spontaneous generation
arrangements of prokaryotic cells - Correct Answer: results from two aspects of division during binary fission: planes in which they divide, and separation of daughter cells
bacillius - Correct Answer: long but chunky
bacillus - Correct Answer: most are common in soils and form endospores
bacteria - Correct Answer: peptidoglycan
bacteria and archaea - Correct Answer: unicellular and lack nuclei, much smaller than eukaryotes, found everywhere there is sufficient moisture, reproduce asexually
bacteria cell walls - Correct Answer: -provide structure and shape and protect cell from osmotic forces -assist some cells in attaching to other cells or in resisting antimicrobial drugs -can target cell wall of bacteria with antibiotics
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bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and small multicellular animals - Correct
Answer: Leeuwenhoek's microorganism classifications
bacterial cytoplasmic membranes function - Correct Answer: -Energy storage
-Harvest light energy in photosynthetic bacteria -Selectively permeable -Naturally impermeable to most substances -Proteins allow substances to cross membrane -Maintain concentration and electrical gradient
bacteroides - Correct Answer: inhabit digestive tracts of humans and animals and some species cause infections
binary fission - Correct Answer: cell replicates its DNA, and the cell begins to elongate eventually dividing into 2 separate identical daughter cells (may not always separate).
Boiled the meat that way if there was any microorganisms they would be killed with the
heat - Correct Answer: Why did Needham use gravy?
bordetella - Correct Answer: causes pertussis
Buchner - Correct Answer: who began the field of biochemistry?
Buchner's experiments - Correct Answer: demonstrated fermentation does not require living cells (showed enzymes promote chemical reactions)
budding - Correct Answer: daughter cell has the dame amount of genetic material and just grows a new projection (seen in yeasts)
capsule - Correct Answer: -composed of organized repeating units of organic
chemicals -firmly attached to cell surface -may prevent bacteria from being represented by host
cellular structure - Correct Answer: membrane-bound structure capable of all
processes of life
chemotherapy - Correct Answer: development and use of drugs to treat infectious
diseases
chlamydias - Correct Answer: grow intracellularly in mammals, birds, and some
invertebrates, and is the most common sexually transmitted bacteria in the US
cilia - Correct Answer: numerous short protrusions that propel organisms through its environment
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