Pharmacology Review: Focus Medications for NCLEX Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) Already Graded A+

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Pharmacology Review: Focus Medications for NCLEX

Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) Already Graded A+

• Question: What is the classification of Polystyrene Sulfonate (Kayexalate)? Correct

Answer: Cation exchange resin

• Question: Regarding Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) administration, why should it not be given

within 1 hour of antacids or milk? Correct Answer: It decreases the effectiveness of the medication.

• Question: What is the Mechanism of Action for Polystyrene Sulfonate (Kayexalate)?

Correct Answer: It exchanges sodium for potassium in the intestine, reducing serum potassium levels.

• Question: What are the indications for the use of Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)? Correct

Answer: Constipation and bowel preparation before procedures.

• Question: What is a key patient teaching point regarding the oral administration of

Polystyrene Sulfonate (Kayexalate)? Correct Answer: Mix with water or syrup (not juice).

• Question: What is the Mechanism of Action for Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)? Correct Answer:

Increases peristalsis by direct stimulation of colonic mucosa.

7. Question: What are the specific NCLEX Focus points for Polystyrene Sulfonate

(Kayexalate)? Correct Answer: Contraindication in ileus/obstruction, monitoring needs, and assessment for hyperkalemia.

• Question: What is the classification of Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)? Correct Answer:

Stimulant laxative

9. Question: What are the Nursing Considerations regarding the components of

Polystyrene Sulfonate (Kayexalate) and specific patient conditions? Correct Answer: It contains sodium, so caution should be used in patients with CHF and edema; monitor for fluid/electrolyte imbalances.

• Question: What are the patient teaching instructions for taking oral Bisacodyl

(Dulcolax)? Correct Answer: Take at bedtime for a morning effect.

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• Question: How is Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) administered? Correct Answer: Oral tablets

(enteric-coated) or rectal suppository.

• Question: What is a critical nursing consideration for enteric-coated Bisacodyl tablets?

Correct Answer: Do not crush them.

• Question: What side effect may Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) cause? Correct Answer:

Abdominal cramping.

• Question: What is the onset time for rectal Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)? Correct Answer: 15-

60 minutes.

• Question: Why is Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) not recommended for long-term use? Correct

Answer: There is a risk of dependency.

16. Question: What are the NCLEX Focus points for Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)? Correct

Answer: Administration timing, contraindications in intestinal obstruction, and

appendicitis.

• Question: What are the indications for Polystyrene Sulfonate (Kayexalate)? Correct

Answer: Hyperkalemia.

• Question: How is Polystyrene Sulfonate (Kayexalate) administered? Correct Answer:

Oral or rectal.

19. Question: What should be monitored when administering Polystyrene Sulfonate

(Kayexalate)? Correct Answer: Serum potassium levels.

20. Question: What potential adverse effect can occur if Polystyrene Sulfonate

(Kayexalate) is overused? Correct Answer: Hypokalemia.

• Question: What gastrointestinal side effects may Polystyrene Sulfonate (Kayexalate)

cause? Correct Answer: Constipation or intestinal impaction.

• Question: What is the classification of Famotidine (Pepcid)? Correct Answer: H2

receptor antagonist

• Question: What is the Mechanism of Action for Famotidine (Pepcid)? Correct Answer:

Blocks histamine at H2 receptors, reducing gastric acid secretion.

• Question: What are the indications for Famotidine (Pepcid)? Correct Answer: GERD,

peptic ulcers, and heartburn.

• Question: How is Famotidine (Pepcid) administered? Correct Answer: Oral or IV.

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• Question: What dosing adjustments are needed for Famotidine (Pepcid)? Correct

Answer: Renal dosing adjustments.

• Question: How does Famotidine (Pepcid) compare to other H2 blockers regarding

interactions? Correct Answer: It has fewer drug interactions than other H2 blockers.

• Question: Which patient population requires monitoring for CNS effects when taking

Famotidine (Pepcid)? Correct Answer: Elderly patients.

• Question: What is the patient teaching regarding food intake with Famotidine (Pepcid)?

Correct Answer: It can be taken without regard to meals.

• Question: What is the warning regarding OTC use of Famotidine (Pepcid)? Correct

Answer: It is not intended for long-term therapy without provider evaluation.

• Question: What are the NCLEX Focus points for Famotidine (Pepcid)? Correct Answer:

Difference from PPIs, safer profile than older H2 blockers, and renal dosing.

• Question: What is the classification of Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)? Correct Answer:

Cholinesterase inhibitor

• Question: What is the Mechanism of Action for Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)? Correct

Answer: Prevents breakdown of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.

• Question: What are the indications for Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)? Correct Answer:

Myasthenia gravis and reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockade.

• Question: How is Pyridostigmine (Mestinon) administered? Correct Answer: Oral

(regular and extended-release).

• Question: When should Pyridostigmine (Mestinon) be scheduled regarding meals?

Correct Answer: 30-45 minutes before meals for maximal effect.

• Question: What two crises must a nurse differentiate when monitoring a patient on

Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)? Correct Answer: Cholinergic crisis vs. myasthenic crisis.

• Question: What assessment should be performed before and after administering

Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)? Correct Answer: Assess muscle strength.

• Question: What antidote should be available for Pyridostigmine (Mestinon) overdose?

Correct Answer: Atropine.

• Question: What is the patient teaching for Pyridostigmine (Mestinon) to maintain

muscle strength? Correct Answer: Take as scheduled.

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• Question: What symptoms should a patient on Pyridostigmine (Mestinon) report?

Correct Answer: Increased weakness, excessive salivation, diarrhea, or sweating.

• Question: What are the NCLEX Focus points for Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)? Correct

Answer: Differentiating cholinergic from myasthenic crisis and timing with meals.

• Question: What is the classification of Bethanechol (Urecholine)? Correct Answer:

Cholinergic agonist

• Question: What is the Mechanism of Action for Bethanechol (Urecholine)? Correct

Answer: Directly stimulates muscarinic receptors in the bladder and GI tract.

• Question: What are the indications for Bethanechol (Urecholine)? Correct Answer:

Urinary retention and neurogenic bladder.

• Question: How is Bethanechol (Urecholine) administered? Correct Answer: Oral.
• Question: What are the contraindications for Bethanechol (Urecholine)? Correct

Answer: Mechanical GI or urinary obstruction (and recent urinary/GI surgery).

• Question: What vital signs should be monitored for a patient taking Bethanechol

(Urecholine)? Correct Answer: Hypotension and bradycardia.

• Question: How should Bethanechol (Urecholine) be administered in relation to food?

Correct Answer: On an empty stomach for better absorption.

• Question: What side effects may Bethanechol (Urecholine) cause? Correct Answer:

Increased salivation and sweating.

• Question: What should the patient do before taking Bethanechol (Urecholine)?

Correct Answer: Void (urinate).

• Question: What are the NCLEX Focus points for Bethanechol (Urecholine)? Correct

Answer: Contraindications (mechanical obstruction, recent urinary or GI surgery).

• Question: What is the classification of Baclofen (Lioresal)? Correct Answer: Skeletal

muscle relaxant, GABA-agonist

• Question: What is the Mechanism of Action for Baclofen (Lioresal)? Correct Answer:

Inhibits reflexes at the spinal level by stimulating GABA-B receptors.

• Question: What are the indications for Baclofen (Lioresal)? Correct Answer: Spasticity

from multiple sclerosis and spinal cord lesions.

• Question: How is Baclofen (Lioresal) administered? Correct Answer: Oral or

intrathecal.