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HESI Practice Test: Pediatrics Assignment Exam
(40 Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) Already Graded A+)
- The practical nurse (PN) is instilling ear drops in a 2-year-old child. To straighten the
external auditory canal, which direction should the PN pull the earlobe?
• Correct Answer: down and back
- A mother is returning a demonstration for the instillation of saline nose drops for her
3-month-old infant who has nasal congestion. Which schedule is best for the practical nurse to recommend to the mother?
• Correct Answer: Instill in both nares 20 to 30 minutes before feeding.
• Rationale: The best schedule to follow for the administration of nose drops is 20 to 30 minutes before feeding because infants are nose-breathers and nasal congestion inhibits sucking.
- What information should the practical nurse (PN) recommend to parents who ask
about the prevention of otitis media (OM) in their infant?
• Correct Answer: Refrain from exposing the infant to tobacco smoke.
- What information should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce with the parents about
introducing solid foods to their infant?
• Correct Answer: introduce new foods 4-7 days apart
• Rationale: Food should be introduced one at time and every 4 to 7 days, which allows time is identify signs of food intolerance and allergies.
- What information should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce with the mother whose
child has ringworm (Tinea)?
• Correct Answer: Tinea infections are spread by direct and indirect contact.
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• Rationale: Ringworm (Tinea) is a contagious fungal infection of the skin, scalp, groin, and feet that is spread by direct skin-to-skin contact or by indirect contact with contaminated items.
- An adolescent female who is leaning forward with her hands on her knees to breath
tells the practical nurse that she has been using triamcinolone (Azmacort) inhalation aerosol before coming to the clinic. Which action should the PN implement?
• Correct Answer: Obtain vital signs and breath sounds for wheezing.
- The practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing information about Lyme disease prevention
- A 4-year-old girl is brought to the emergent care center with a frog-like croaking
with a client who is preparing for a camping trip with family. Which statement by the client informs the PN that the client understands the instruction?• Correct Answer: "We will wear long pants and long-sleeved shirts in the woods."
sound on inspiration. She is having difficulty breathing and has her chin thrust forward with her mouth open. She is drooling, agitated, and insists on sitting upright. What action should the practical nurse take?
• Correct Answer: Notify the healthcare provider and prepare for immediate
intubation or tracheotomy.• Rationale: The child is exhibiting signs of acute epiglottis, a serious obstructive, inflammatory process that can rapidly progress to severe respiratory distress, which requires immediate intubation or tracheotomy by the healthcare provider to secure the airway.
- A school-age child with acute diarrhea and mild dehydration is being given an oral
rehydration solution (ORS). The mother calls to report that the child is occasionally vomiting. What recommendation should the practical nurse provide at this time?
• Correct Answer: continue to give ORS in small amounts
• Rationale: Solutions for oral rehydration are useful in most cases of dehydration. A child who is vomiting should be given an ORS at frequent intervals and in small amounts.
- When reviewing the dietary guidelines for a child with nephrotic syndrome, which
diet should the practical nurse reinforce with the parents?
• Correct Answer: low sodium
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• Rationale: Anasarca, generalized edema associated with nephrotic syndrome,
indicates that fluid retention should be managed with a diet that is low in sodium.
- A male adolescent who fell onto a cement surface after jumping off a fence is
brought to the emergent care center with a nose bleed. Which finding should the practical nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?
• Correct Answer: Blood pressure 130/90 and ecchymosis noted at the mastoid
bone.
- A male adolescent who is newly diagnosed with a seizure disorder receives a
- Which response should the practical nurse (PN) provide a school-age child who
- The mother of a 6-year-old brings her child to the clinic for complaints of "not
prescription for an anticonvulsant. Which statement indicates the client is at risk for non-compliance with life-long medication management?• Correct Answer: "My friends will think I am a freak if I take these pills."
asks to talk with a dying sister?• Correct Answer: Although the dying client may not respond, she can still hear what is said.• Rationale: There is evidence that hearing acuity remains during the dying process, so talking to a dying client is important both for the client and the family.
feeling well." The practical nurse (PN) takes the child's vital signs and begins a general physical assessment. Which action should the PN implement first?
• Correct Answer: Determine cultural needs and differences.
- What secondary prevention activity should the practical nurse prepare parents for
to prevent lead poisoning?
• Correct Answer: obtain serum lead
• Rationale: Levels of prevention include primary prevention, secondary prevention or screening, and tertiary prevention or treatment. Screening children for lead poisoning by obtaining serum lead levels is an important secondary prevention activity that can identify children who require treatment or further measures to prevent harmful effects before the exposure is prolonged and the lead burden increases.
- Which action should the practical nurse implemented for a child who has ingested
a corrosive product?
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• Correct Answer: Telephone the poison control center and act on their advice.
- After reinforcing information to treat a sprained ankle, what statement by the
- The mother calls the clinic and tells the practical nurse (PN) that her child cannot
- Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement to promote a toddler's
- What age-appropriate play activity should the practical nurse suggest to the
adolescent indicates to the practical nurse that further instruction is needed?• Correct Answer: "Apply warm compresses to the ankle for the first 24 hours."
swallow a prescribed tablet that was dispensed by the local pharmacy as a whole tablet. How should the PN respond?• Correct Answer: "If a liquid form is available, the pharmacist can call for a prescription change."
nutrition during hospitalization?• Correct Answer: Ask the child's parents to bring a cup and utensils from home.
parents of a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation?
• Correct Answer: play peek a boo
- The practical nurse is conducting a well-baby check of a 7-month-old infant and
finds that there is an absence of babbling by the infant. Which focused assessment should the PN implement?
• Correct Answer: auditory function
• Rationale: The ability to develop verbal skills, such as babbling or inflections in the voice, is best reinforced by mimicking others speech. Auditory function should be assessed if an infant does not babble by 7-months-of-age.
- What information about Reye's syndrome should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce
- What information should the practical nurse reinforce with a mother whose child
with the parents of a school-aged child?• Correct Answer: Avoid giving any medication containing aspirin during a viral illness.• Rationale: Reye's syndrome is typically caused by the administration of an aspirin- containing medication to a child during a viral illness.
has a positive culture for Group A streptococcus of the throat?
