HESI: Medical-Surgical PRACTICE Quiz Correct and Verified Answers Graded A

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HESI: Medical-Surgical PRACTICE

Quiz Correct and Verified Answers Graded A

• The nurse is caring for a client with a continuous feeding through a percutaneous

endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?

• Flush the tube with 50 ml of water q 8 hours.
• Check for tube placement and residual volume q4 hours.
• Obtain a daily x- ray to verify tube placement.
• Position on left side with head of bed elevated 45 degrees.

Correct Answer: B. Check for tube placement and residual volume q4 hours.

• A client with cirrhosis develops increasing pedal edema and ascites. Which dietary

modification is most important for the nurse to teach this client?

• Avoid high carbohydrate foods.
• Decrease intake of fat soluble vitamins.
• Decrease caloric intake.
• Restrict salt and fluid intake.

Correct Answer: D. Restrict salt and fluid intake.

• The nurse is performing an ophthalmoscopic examination on a hypertensive client.

When assessing the client, which finding indicates the severity of hypertension?

• Opague color of the sclera.
• Transparency of the cornea.

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• Amount of retinal vessel damage that has occurred.
• Constriction and dilatation of the pupils.

Correct Answer: C. Amount of retinal vessel damage that has occurred.

• A client with early breast cancer receives the results of a breast biopsy and asks the

nurse to explain the meaning of staging and the type of receptors found on the cancer cells.Which explanation should the nurse provide?

• Lymph node involvement is not significant.
• Small tumors are aggressive and indicate poor prognosis.
• The tumor's estrogen receptor guides treatment options.
• Stage I indicates metastasis.

Correct Answer: C. The tumor's estrogen receptor guides treatment options.

• The nurse is caring for a client with a stroke resulting in right-sided paresis and aphasia.

The client attempts to use the left hand for feeding and other self-care activities. The spouse becomes frustrated and insists on doing everything for the client. Based on this data, which nursing problem should the nurse document for this client?

• Situational low self-esteem related to functional impairment and change in role

function.

• Disabled family coping related to dissonant coping style of significant person.
• Interrupted family processes related to shift in health status of family member.
• Risk for ineffective therapeutic regimen management related to complexity of care.

Correct Answer: B. Disabled family coping related to dissonant coping style of significant person.

• A female client taking oral contraceptives reports to the nurse that she is experiencing

calf pain. Which action should the nurse implement?

• Determine if the client has also experienced breast tenderness and weight gain.
• Encourage the client to begin a regular, daily program of walking and exercise.
• Advise the client to notify the healthcare provider for immediate medical attention.
• Tell the client to stop taking the medication for a week to see if symptoms subside.

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Correct Answer: C. Advise the client to notify the healthcare provider for immediate medical attention.

• The registered nurse (RN) is assessing a client who was discharged home after

management of chronic hypertension. Which equipment should the RN instruct the client to use at home?

• Exercise bicycle.
• Sphygmomanometer.
• Blood glucose monitor.
• Weekly medication box.

Correct Answer: B. Sphygmomanometer.

• The nurse is receiving report from surgery about a client with a penrose drain who is to be

admitted to the postoperative unit. Before choosing a room for this client, which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?

• If suctioning will be needed for drainage of the wound.
• If the family would prefer a private or semi-private room.
• Prescription for removal of the drain.
• If the client's wound is infected.

Correct Answer: D. If the client's wound is infected.

• The registered nurse (RN) assesses arterial blood gas results of a client that has

emphysema. Which finding is consistent with respiratory acidosis?

• pH 7.32, pCO 2 46 mmHg, HCO 3 24 MEq/L.
• pH 7.45 , pCO 2 37 mmHg, HCO 3 24 mEq/L.
• pH 7.34, pCO 2 36 mmHg, HCO 3 21 mEq/L.
• pH 7.46, pCO 2 35 mmHg, HCO 3 28 mEq/L.

Correct Answer: A. pH 7.32, pCO 2 46 mmHg, HCO 3 24 MEq/L.

• A 77-year-old female client is admitted to the hospital. She is confused, has no

appetite, is nauseated and vomiting, and is complaining of a headache. Her pulse rate is 43 beats per minute. It is most important for the nurse to assess for which finding?

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• Wearing dentures.
• Use of aspirin prior to admit.
• Prescribed nitroglycerin for chest pain.
• Takes digitalis.

Correct Answer: D. Takes digitalis.

• Which nail color alteration should the nurse expect to observe in a client with chronic

kidney disease?

• Horizontal white banding.
• Diffuse blue discoloration.
• Diffuse brown discoloration.
• Thin, dark red vertical lines.

Correct Answer: A. Horizontal white banding.