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Gerontology HESI test Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) Already Graded A+
- As a GNP you understand that due to physiological changes of aging, some
- red blood cell values
- white blood cell counts
- platelet range
- hemoglobin values
laboratory test results will have age-related changes. Which of the following values would be the least likely to be affected?
Correct Answer: Platelet range
Rationale: Due to the physiological changes of aging, red blood cell values tend to decrease, white blood cell counts tend to decrease slightly, hemoglobin values slightly decrease, but platelet range does not vary.
- As part of the treatment plan for your elderly patient, you recommend he see an
- Brain / nerves.
- Eyes.
- Bones / Joints / Muscles.
- Ears / Throat.
Ophthalmologist. What body part(s) will this doctor evaluate?
Correct Answer: Eyes
Rationale: Neurologist - Brain / nerves; Ophthalmologist - Eyes; Orthopedist - Bones / Joints / Muscles; Otolaryngologist - Ears / Throat.
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- A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just came in from the
- He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
- He should be prescribed doxycycline.
- He needs no treatment.
- He needs a topical scrub to prevent Lyme Disease.
woods and discovered a tick on his upper right thigh. He reports self removal of the tick and now the area is slightly red. What should you advise him to do?
Correct Answer: He needs no treatment.
Rationale: To develop Lyme Disease from a tick bite, many factors must be present. The tick must belong to Ixodes species and must have been attached for at least 48 hours before the disease can spread. There is no need for prophylactic treatment in this case because the tick has not been present long enough.
- With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe what
- Metronidazole.
- Erythromycin.
- Ampicillin.
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
medication?
Correct Answer: Metronidazole.
Rationale: The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: Campylobacter jejuni: Erythromycin; Salmonella: Ampicillin; Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
Giardia lamblia: Metronidazole.
- Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic aneurysm?
- males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
- females aged 65-75 who have hypertension
- males and females over 75
- females over 75
Correct Answer: males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
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Rationale: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females.The American Heart Association recommends screening males once between ages 65-75 if they have ever smoked since that increases the risk of AAA.
- Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that she is
- Cyst.
- Bulla.
- Wheal.
- Plaques.
concerned about. How do you diagnose this?
Correct Answer: Wheal
Rationale: Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated, circumscribed lesion that's larger than 5mm. Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with transient elevation lesion that's 0.5 to 10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of papules; elevated and a variety of shapes; larger than 5mm.
- There are a good many diseases affecting the elderly that are the result of smoking.
Counseling regarding smoking cessation is part of the GNP's job. The components of
brief intervention for treating tobacco use are:
- Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
- Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
- Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
- Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Correct Answer: Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Rationale: Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an attempt to quit, Assist in this quit attempt. Arrange a follow-up.
- Your 89-year-old patient presents with dyspepsia and nausea. After testing, you
- Cholecystitis.
- Migraines.
determine she is positive for Peptic Ulcer Disease. Of the following, which would LEAST likely be a differential diagnosis for Peptic Ulcer Disease?
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- Gastric carcinoma.
- Cardiovascular disease.
Correct Answer: Migraines
Rationale: Peptic Ulcer Disease is a gastrointestinal disorder. Other differential diagnoses of the condition are pancreatitis and biliary tract disease.
- You are providing care to a patient who has recently begun dialysis. Her daughter,
- Avocado.
- Lean red meat.
- Dried fruit.
- Bananas.
with whom she lives and who prepares many of her meals, asks what types of foods she should incorporate into her diet and which she should avoid. Which of the following is NOT a food that this patient should be advised to avoid?
Correct Answer: Lean red meat
Rationale: Dialysis patients are encouraged to eat lean meat, including red meat. High quality proteins produce less waste and help the body heal and maintain regular processes. Dialysis patients should avoid foods high in potassium, including avocado, banana, and dried fruit, and should eat other potassium-containing foods in moderation.
- The cleansing of the stomach with solution delivered through a nasogastric tube is
- Gavage
- Emesis
- Lavage
- Stomach pumping
known as what?
Correct Answer: Lavage
Rationale: Gastric lavage is used to cleanse the stomach of a poison, overdose of medication, or other toxic substance. It is delivered through a nasogastric tube.
- The family of a patient with dementia has asked you to tell them more about this
