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Comprehensive HESI Medical-Surgical Practice Questions for Nursing Students Correct and Verified Answers Graded A .
Question: What should the nurse assess immediately after a blunt trauma to the
head?Correct Answer: Ability to open the eyes spontaneously before any tactile stimuli are given.Question: What do serum electrolytes reveal in this case?Correct Answer: A decreased sodium level and increased potassium level.Question: What laboratory values might be expected for an 80-year-old man in good health?Correct Answer: Complete blood count reveals increased white blood cell (WBC) and decreased red blood cell (RBC) counts.Question: What is the most important nursing priority for a client with a possible kidney
stone?Correct Answer: Straining all urine
Question: What is the first indication of altered neurologic function?Correct Answer: Change in level of consciousness Question: What action should a nurse take if there is an absence of a thrill or bruit at an AV shunt site?Correct Answer: Notify the health care provider of the findings immediately.Question: What should a nurse do before administering medication via a central venous
catheter?Correct Answer: Flush the line with normal saline.
Question: What intervention should a nurse implement for a client exhibiting symptoms of
cardiac tamponade?Correct Answer: Prepare the client for a pericardial tap.
Question: In primary aldosteronism, which serum level is expected to be
decreased?Correct Answer: Potassium
Question: Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention for a client with
acute small bowel obstruction?Correct Answer: Fever of 102° F
Question: What is the first action a nurse should take for a client with angina pectoris experiencing chest pain?Correct Answer: Support the client to a sitting position.
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Question: What is the best immediate action for a charge nurse when a nurse shows unhappiness about being floated to another unit?Correct Answer: Continue with the shift report and talk to the nurse about the incident at a later time.Question: Which activity is most beneficial for osteoporosis prevention?Correct Answer: Cross-country skiing.Question: What should a nurse do first for a client on interferon-alfa-2a and ribavirin
experiencing depression?Correct Answer: Review the medication actions and
interactions.Question: What statement by a 14-year-old client indicates learning has taken place regarding preoperative instructions?Correct Answer: Let me show you the method of turning I will use after surgery.Question: Which method provides the best formula for determining long-range staffing
patterns?Correct Answer: Average daily census.
Question: What is the most important consideration when assigning a room for a client with progressive systemic sclerosis?Correct Answer: Provide a room that can be kept warm.Question: What is Raynaud phenomenon?Correct Answer: Abnormal blood flow in response to cold, often seen in clients with scleroderma.Question: What should a client with a pacemaker report?Correct Answer: Changes in pulse and feelings of dizziness.
Question: What physical characteristic of aging increases the risk of pressure
ulcers?Correct Answer: Thinning of the skin, with loss of elasticity.
Question: What is the first action a charge nurse should take during a tornado
warning?Correct Answer: Move clients and visitors into the hallways and close all doors to clients' rooms.
Question: What symptom should be reported for an older client with bacterial
pneumonia?Correct Answer: Confusion and tachycardia.
Question: Which infusion should be assessed first on an oncology unit?Correct Answer: Continuous epidural infusion of morphine.Question: What information is crucial before placing a client with a Penrose drain?Correct
Answer: If the client's wound is infected.
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Question: What action should be taken for a client with ventricular ectopy?Correct
Answer: Increase oxygen flow via nasal cannula.
Question: What is ventricular ectopy characterized by?Correct Answer: Multiple PVCs often caused by myocardial ischemia exacerbated by hypokalemia.Question: What should the nurse monitor first for a client with tumor lysis syndrome receiving insulin?Correct Answer: The client's serum potassium and blood glucose levels.Question: What intervention should the nurse implement for staff caring for a client with hepatitis B?Correct Answer: Determine if all employees have had the hepatitis B vaccine series.Question: What is the first intervention for a client found unconscious with ventricular
fibrillation?Correct Answer: Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Question: What dietary modification is most important for a client with cirrhosis and fluid
retention?Correct Answer: Restrict salt and fluid intake.
Question: What should the nurse encourage individuals at risk for osteoporosis to do?Correct Answer: Encourage alcohol and smoking cessation, promote regular weight- bearing exercises, and implement a home safety plan to prevent falls.Question: Which medication should the nurse question for a client with chronic angle- closure glaucoma?Correct Answer: Anticholinergic with a side effect of pupillary dilation.Question: What accurate information should the nurse provide about the pneumococcal vaccine?Correct Answer: The immunization is administered once to older adults or those at risk for illness.Question: What symptom of hyperglycemia is an older adult most likely to exhibit?Correct
Answer: Increased thirst or frequent urination.
Question: What is the recommended age for receiving the influenza vaccine for those with chronic illness?Correct Answer: Once in a lifetime, with some recommending at 50 years of age.Question: What is a common symptom of hyperglycemia in older adults?Correct Answer: Fatigue, infection, and evidence of neuropathy.Question: What is the most common cause of a fractured hip in older women?Correct
Answer: Osteoporosis resulting from declining hormone levels.
Question: Which prescription should the nurse verify for a client with alcohol-related liver
disease?Correct Answer: Nembutal sodium at bedtime for rest.
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Question: What is the highest priority nursing diagnosis for an older client with new-onset cardiac dysrhythmia?Correct Answer: Risk for injury related to syncope and confusion.Question: Which client should the charge nurse assign to the PN?Correct Answer: An older adult client with pneumonia and viral meningitis.
Question: What instruction should the nurse provide when administering nystatin
suspension?Correct Answer: Hold the medication in your mouth for a few minutes before swallowing it.Question: What potential problem should the nurse anticipate in a female client with a
neurogenic bladder?Correct Answer: Infection.
Question: What should the nurse implement for a male client with Parkinson disease
showing no apparent emotion?Correct Answer: Document the presence of these
assessment findings.Question: What should the nurse advise a client with parkinsonism?Correct Answer: Seek immediate medical evaluation.Question: What are common clinical features of parkinsonism?Correct Answer: Masklike expression and infrequent blinking.
Question: What action should a nurse take for a client bleeding from a gunshot
wound?Correct Answer: Maintain the client in a supine position to reduce diaphragmatic pressure.
Question: What is the appropriate instruction for a client post-ileostomy
discharge?Correct Answer: Change the bag when the seal is broken.
Question: What precautions should be initiated for a client with symptoms of
tuberculosis?Correct Answer: Initiate airborne infection precautions.
Question: What assessment finding warrants immediate intervention in a client with a head injury?Correct Answer: A unilateral pupil that is dilated and nonreactive to light.Question: What laboratory change should be expected in a client with cirrhosis and bright
red blood in the NG tube?Correct Answer: Increased liver function test results.
Question: What indicates an adverse effect of methotrexate therapy in a client with
rheumatoid arthritis?Correct Answer: Decrease in hemoglobin level.
Question: What electrolyte imbalance should a nurse anticipate in a client with chronic
