Write the electronic configuration and draw the orbital diagram for bromine?
The correct answer and explanation is:
Electronic Configuration and Orbital Diagram of Bromine
Electronic Configuration of Bromine (Br, Atomic Number = 35):
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁵
Orbital Diagram of Bromine:
1s ↑↓
2s ↑↓
2p ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
3s ↑↓
3p ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
4s ↑↓
3d ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
4p ↑↓ ↑ ↑ Explanation:
Bromine is a halogen found in Group 17 and Period 4 of the periodic table. It has an atomic number of 35, meaning it has 35 electrons in a neutral atom. These electrons fill up orbitals in the order defined by the Aufbau principle, which determines the sequence of filling from lower to higher energy levels.
The electrons are added in the following sequence:
- The first two go into the 1s orbital.
- Next, 2 electrons fill the 2s orbital.
- The next 6 fill the 2p orbital.
- Then 2 fill the 3s orbital, followed by 6 in the 3p orbital.
- After that, 2 electrons go into the 4s orbital.
- Before filling the 4p orbitals, the 3d orbital must be filled with 10 electrons.
- Finally, 5 electrons enter the 4p orbital.
The orbital diagram shows how each sublevel is filled with electrons. Each box represents an orbital, and arrows represent electrons. Electrons are first placed one per orbital (Hund’s Rule) before any pairing occurs, and all spins in a given sublevel align in the same direction before any are reversed.
The 4p sublevel of bromine contains 5 electrons. This shows that bromine is one electron short of a full 4p⁶ configuration, which explains its high reactivity as it tends to gain one more electron to achieve a stable noble gas configuration (like krypton).