{"id":38853,"date":"2025-06-26T13:45:25","date_gmt":"2025-06-26T13:45:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/?p=38853"},"modified":"2025-06-26T13:45:27","modified_gmt":"2025-06-26T13:45:27","slug":"draw-lewis-structures-that-show-how-electron-pairs-move-and-bonds-form-and-break-in-the-following-reaction-and-identify-the-lewis-acid-and-lewis-base","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/draw-lewis-structures-that-show-how-electron-pairs-move-and-bonds-form-and-break-in-the-following-reaction-and-identify-the-lewis-acid-and-lewis-base\/","title":{"rendered":"Draw Lewis structures that show how electron pairs move and bonds form and break in the following reaction, and identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Draw Lewis structures that show how electron pairs move and bonds form and break in the following reaction, and identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">The Correct Answer and Explanation is:<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Reaction Example<\/strong>:<br>NH3+BF3\u2192F3B\u2013NH3\\text{NH}_3 + \\text{BF}_3 \\rightarrow \\text{F}_3\\text{B\u2013NH}_3NH3\u200b+BF3\u200b\u2192F3\u200bB\u2013NH3\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Step-by-step Lewis Structures with Electron Movement<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Draw Lewis Structure for NH\u2083 (Ammonia):<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ammonia has:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nitrogen (N) in the center with 5 valence electrons.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Three hydrogen (H) atoms bonded to N using single bonds.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>One lone pair of electrons remaining on the nitrogen atom.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Structure:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">mathematicaCopyEdit<code>   H\n   |\nH\u2013N:      (one lone pair on N)\n   |\n   H\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Draw Lewis Structure for BF\u2083 (Boron trifluoride):<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Boron (B) has 3 valence electrons, each bonded to a fluorine (F) atom:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rCopyEdit<code>   F\n   |\nF\u2013B\u2013F\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Note: Boron has only <strong>six<\/strong> electrons around it, making it <strong>electron-deficient<\/strong>, and thus it seeks an electron pair to become stable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Electron Pair Movement:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The lone pair on nitrogen in NH\u2083 <strong>donates<\/strong> to the vacant p-orbital on boron in BF\u2083.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Arrow notation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">mathematicaCopyEdit<code>   H\n   |\nH\u2013N:  \u2192  B      (Arrow shows the lone pair from N attacking B)\n   |\n   H\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Resulting Complex<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rCopyEdit<code>   H\n   |\nH\u2013N\u2192B\u2013F\n   |   |\n   H   F\n       |\n       F\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A coordinate covalent bond is formed between nitrogen and boron.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Lewis Acid and Lewis Base Identification:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Lewis base<\/strong>: NH\u2083 (donates an electron pair)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lewis acid<\/strong>: BF\u2083 (accepts an electron pair)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Explanation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Lewis theory, a <strong>Lewis acid<\/strong> is a substance that can accept a pair of electrons, while a <strong>Lewis base<\/strong> is a substance that donates a pair of electrons. This definition is broader than the Br\u00f8nsted\u2013Lowry acid-base theory because it includes reactions without hydrogen ion exchange.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the reaction between ammonia (NH\u2083) and boron trifluoride (BF\u2083), we see a textbook example of a Lewis acid-base reaction. Nitrogen in ammonia has one lone pair of electrons. On the other hand, boron in BF\u2083 is electron-deficient. Although each fluorine atom contributes electrons to boron via single bonds, boron only ends up with six electrons in its valence shell. This makes BF\u2083 a strong <strong>Lewis acid<\/strong>, seeking an electron pair to reach an octet configuration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When NH\u2083 and BF\u2083 come into contact, nitrogen\u2019s lone pair is attracted to the electron-deficient boron atom. The lone pair from nitrogen is donated to boron, forming a new bond. This bond is called a <strong>coordinate covalent bond<\/strong>, where both electrons in the bond originate from the same atom\u2014in this case, nitrogen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The result is a stable complex, F\u2083B\u2013NH\u2083, in which boron now satisfies the octet rule. The nitrogen atom, despite forming four bonds, does not violate the octet rule because the lone pair was used in bonding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This reaction illustrates fundamental concepts in acid-base chemistry, showing how electron flow, not proton transfer, defines acidity and basicity under Lewis theory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"852\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/learnexams-banner8-1073.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-38859\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/learnexams-banner8-1073.jpeg 852w, https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/learnexams-banner8-1073-250x300.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/learnexams-banner8-1073-768x923.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 852px) 100vw, 852px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Draw Lewis structures that show how electron pairs move and bonds form and break in the following reaction, and identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base. The Correct Answer and Explanation is: Reaction Example:NH3+BF3\u2192F3B\u2013NH3\\text{NH}_3 + \\text{BF}_3 \\rightarrow \\text{F}_3\\text{B\u2013NH}_3NH3\u200b+BF3\u200b\u2192F3\u200bB\u2013NH3\u200b Step-by-step Lewis Structures with Electron Movement Ammonia has: Structure: mathematicaCopyEdit H | H\u2013N: (one lone pair on [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quiz-questions"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38853","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38853"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38853\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38860,"href":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38853\/revisions\/38860"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38853"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38853"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gaviki.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38853"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}