, which organisms have lungs

Hagfish Salamander Lizard Mouse Perch Pigeon Chimp Feathers Fur; mammary glands Claws or nails Lungs Jaws On the cladogram, which organisms have lungs? How many organisms share characteristics with mice? List a characteristic that salamanders and mice both have. List organisms that have fur. Name 2 organisms that do not have a jaw. Which lizards and pigeons both have? List a characteristic that salamanders and hagfish are most closely related. Which pair of organisms are most closely related? Salamander and Mouse, Perch and Lizard, or Perch and Chimp, Salamander and Hagfish.

The Correct Answer and Explanation is:

Answers:

1. Organisms that have lungs:
   Salamander, Lizard, Mouse, Pigeon, Chimp
2. How many organisms share characteristics with mice:
   4 (Salamander, Lizard, Pigeon, Chimp)
3. A characteristic that salamanders and mice both have:
   Lungs
4. Organisms that have fur:
   Mouse, Chimp
5. Two organisms that do not have a jaw:
   Hagfish, (none others; only Hagfish lacks jaws)
6. What lizards and pigeons both have:
   Claws or nails
7. A characteristic that salamanders and hagfish are most closely related by:
   Jaws
8. Most closely related pair of organisms:
   Salamander and Mouse

Explanation

Cladograms are diagrams that show the evolutionary relationships among different organisms based on shared derived characteristics. In this example, we are looking at a set of vertebrates and the traits they share.

Lungs are an important adaptation for life on land, and they are present in salamanders, lizards, mice, pigeons, and chimps. These organisms all evolved from a common ancestor that first developed lungs. This adaptation allowed them to breathe air efficiently and live in terrestrial environments.

Mice share several characteristics with other organisms in the group. Specifically, salamanders, lizards, pigeons, and chimps share one or more traits with mice, totaling four organisms that have some overlap. For example, both salamanders and mice have lungs, showing an evolutionary step that occurred before the branching of their lineages.

Only mammals have fur and mammary glands. In this group, those mammals are the mouse and the chimp. These features distinguish mammals from reptiles, amphibians, and birds.

Jaws are another key evolutionary trait. Hagfish are the only group listed that lack jaws. All others, including the perch, have jaws, making jaw development an early but significant trait in vertebrate evolution.

Lizards and pigeons both possess claws or nails, showing a common trait that helps in locomotion and interaction with their environments.

The most closely related pair from the given options is the salamander and the mouse. While they differ in class, they are more closely related in terms of evolutionary traits than the other pairings. For example, both perch and chimp are very distantly related, and perch and lizard also diverged much earlier.

Cladograms help us trace how complex traits developed and which species share more recent common ancestors.