Which of the following is true regarding the above particulate models? Choose one or more: A. Solid sodium sulfate contains ionic bonds B. Sodium sulfate is dissociating in water C Ethylene glycol contains covalent bonds. D: Ethylene glycol contains ionic bonds Molecules containing covalent bonds tend to fully dissociate in water: Solid sodium sulfate contains covalent bonds: G. Ethylene glycol contains some ionic and some covalent bonds_ H: Ethylene glycol is dissociating in water:
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Correct Answers:
- A. Solid sodium sulfate contains ionic bonds
- B. Sodium sulfate is dissociating in water
- C. Ethylene glycol contains covalent bonds
- H. Ethylene glycol is dissociating in water
Explanation:
This question explores the bonding and behavior of two substances: sodium sulfate and ethylene glycol. To answer correctly, it is important to understand the types of bonds these compounds contain and how they interact with water.
Option A is true:
Solid sodium sulfate is made up of sodium ions (Na⁺) and sulfate ions (SO₄²⁻). These ions are held together by ionic bonds in the solid state. Ionic bonds occur between metals and nonmetals, where electrons are transferred from one atom to another, forming charged ions.
Option B is true:
When sodium sulfate dissolves in water, it undergoes dissociation. This means that the Na⁺ and SO₄²⁻ ions separate and disperse in the water. This is a characteristic property of ionic compounds when they dissolve in polar solvents like water.
Option C is true:
Ethylene glycol (C₂H₆O₂), also known as antifreeze, is a covalent compound. It is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms connected by shared pairs of electrons. Covalent bonds form between nonmetal atoms and are not broken when the molecule dissolves in water.
Option D is false:
Ethylene glycol does not contain ionic bonds. All the bonds in this molecule are covalent because they occur between nonmetals.
Option E is false:
Molecules with covalent bonds, such as ethylene glycol or sugar, do not fully dissociate in water. Instead, they dissolve as whole molecules.
Option F is false:
Sodium sulfate contains ionic bonds, not covalent ones.
Option G is false:
Ethylene glycol does not contain any ionic bonds, only covalent ones.
Option H is true:
Ethylene glycol dissolves in water and spreads throughout the solution, though it does not dissociate into ions like sodium sulfate does. Instead, individual ethylene glycol molecules disperse due to hydrogen bonding with water.
