Which NIMS structure makes cooperative multi-agency decisions?
A. Incident Command System
B. Joint Information System (JIS)
C. MAC Groups
D. Emergency Operations Center (EOC)
The correct answer and explanation is :
Correct Answer: C. MAC Groups
Explanation:
The National Incident Management System (NIMS) provides a standardized approach for managing incidents involving multiple jurisdictions and agencies. Within NIMS, the structure that specifically facilitates cooperative multi-agency decision-making is the Multiagency Coordination (MAC) Group.
What are MAC Groups?
MAC Groups, also known as Multiagency Coordination Groups, are part of the NIMS Command and Coordination component. They are composed of representatives from various organizations and agencies that have jurisdictional or functional responsibility during an incident. These groups are not operational (they do not direct field activities) but focus on strategic-level decision-making, including:
- Prioritizing incidents when multiple events are occurring.
- Allocating scarce or limited resources across agencies or jurisdictions.
- Coordinating interagency policies.
- Providing guidance and resolving conflicts among agencies.
MAC Groups operate at a policy or senior leadership level and are activated for complex, large-scale incidents that require broad coordination efforts, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, or regional emergencies.
Comparison with Other Options:
- A. Incident Command System (ICS):
ICS is a standardized, on-scene, all-hazards incident management approach. It is used by a single agency or multiple agencies working together but is operational rather than strategic. It focuses on tactical-level management of incidents, not multi-agency policy decisions. - B. Joint Information System (JIS):
JIS is used to coordinate public information among various agencies, ensuring consistent and accurate communication to the public. It does not make operational or strategic decisions. - D. Emergency Operations Center (EOC):
EOCs support on-scene operations by providing resources and policy direction. While they help in coordination, they typically operate under the direction of MAC Groups when broader decisions are required.
Conclusion:
MAC Groups (C) are the correct NIMS structure responsible for making cooperative, multi-agency decisions at the strategic level, ensuring unified policy guidance during significant incidents.